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June 06-07, 2019 | London, UK
2
nd
International Conference on
Tissue Science and Molecular Biology,
Stem Cells & Separation Techniques
Joint Event
Biomedical Research (An International Journal of Medical Sciences) | ISSN: 0976-1683 Volume 30
Therapeutic potential of primitive mesenchymal stem cells to treat degenerative
diseases
G Rasul Chaudhry
Oakland University, USA
P
erinatal tissues are non-invasive, abundant and rather
primitive sources of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in
comparison to MSCs isolated from adult tissues. They have
received increasing attention since they do not pose ethical
or moral concerns. We have developed a robust, reproducible
and high yielding method for isolation of highly proliferative
MSCs fromumbilical cord/placenta tissue.MSCs isolated from
all other sources stop growing after a few passages. However,
irrespective of the source, all MSCs exhibit fibroblastoid
morphology, express CD29
+
, CD44
+
, CD73
+
, CD90
+
and
CD105
+
and differentiate into adipogenic, chondrogenic and
osteogenic lineages and some into neural lineage as well.
However, the cord/placenta MSCs display higher colony
forming efficiency and express even some pluripotent genes.
They can also be maintained for self-renewal and potency for
extended period of time; therefore, we call them primitive
MSCs. We have investigated the therapeutic potential of
these primitiveMSCs to treat degenerative diseases including
degenerative disc disease (DDD) and retinal degenerative
disease (RDD) using animal models. When MSCs and their
chondrogenic derivatives were injected into the IVDs of
a rabbit model of DDD, they significantly improved the
histology, cellularity, extracellular matrix protein and
water and glycosaminoglycan contents. The IVDs receiving
chondroprogenitor or nucleus pulposus (NP) like cells derived
fromMSCs exhibitedhigher expressionof NP specificmarkers.
The transplanted cells were functionally active in rabbit IVDs
as they expressed human genes and proteins, SOX9, ACAN,
COL2, FOXF1, KRT19, PAX6, CA12 and COMP implicated in NP
biosynthesis. These studies suggested involvement of TGFβ1
pathway in regulating NP regeneration in rabbit IVD. Likewise,
primitive MSCs and their neural derivatives have shown
efficacy to improve vision in rd12mice, amodel of RDD. Latest
findings of these translational studies as well as challenges
and new opportunities will be discussed in the presentation.
e
:
chaudhry@oakland.eduBiomed Res, Volume 30
ISSN: 0976-1683