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allied
academies
Nov 22-23, 2018 | Paris, France
Joint Event
Nutrition and Health
16
th
International Conference on
26
th
International Conference on
Diabetes and Endocrinology
&
Journal of Insights in Nutrition and Metabolism | Volume 2
Notes:
Behavioral and brain mechanisms underlying sleep disruption-induced obesity
Jennifer A Teske
University of Minnesota, USA
O
besity and inadequate sleep are public health problems
that increase risk for chronic disease. Inadequate sleep
has emerged as a key contributor to obesity. Thus, obesity
interventions aimed at improving sleep in parallel to reducing
calorie intake and or increasing energy expenditure (EE) may
be more effective at mitigating obesity than interventions that
do not address sleep loss. Understanding brain mechanisms
that promote positive energy balance through modulation of
sleep, energy intake and expenditure may also lead to novel
targets for obesity interventions. We developed a rodent
model of sleep disruption-induced obesity in male and female
rats that is ideal for testing obesity treatments and identifying
brain mechanisms underlying sleep disruption induced weight
gain. In this model, we show that exposure to pre-recorded
environmental noise causes weight gain and hyperphagia
in noise-exposed rats relative to rats that slept undisturbed
independent of sex and weight gain was exacerbated among
rats when sleep disruption was combined with access to
a palatable cafeteria-style diet. Moreover, weight gain in
response to sleepdisruption alonewas paralleledby reductions
in physical activity and EE. Next, we investigated whether low
brain orexin signaling in the ventrolateral preoptic area (VLPO),
a known sleep center in the brain, contributed to weight gain
due to inadequate sleep by reducing total EE and physical
activity since elevated orexin signaling promotes negative
energy balance. In contrast to the response to orexin infusion
in the VLPO before sleep disruption, orexin in the VLPO was
ineffective after chronic sleep disruption. These data suggest
that sleep loss may reduce orexin signaling in the VLPO to in
turn stimulate weight gain in response to sleep disruption by
reducing physical activity and the rate of energy expended
during physical activity. These data have implications for
reversing treating individuals who are have obesity and are
sleep deprived.
e
:
teskeja@email.arizona.edu