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allied
academies
Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences | Volume 8
May 14-15, 2018 | Montreal, Canada
Global Summit on
Biopharma & Biotherapeutics
S
oy isoflavones: genistein, daidzein and glycitein, can
exert estrogen-like activities. Their endocrine disrupting
activitieswerefirst identified incattlegrazingphytoestrogens-
rich pastures. If glycitein is an ER
β
agonist, genistein, daidzein
and its metabolite equol exhibit significant transcriptional
activities through both ER
α
and ER
β
. They can also induce
gene transcription through GPR-30 and ERR
α
,
β
,
γ
at dietary
doses.
In vivo
and in humans, estrogenic effects can be
positive or negative depending on the physiological status
and the target tissue. These estrogenic activities having
been confirmed in toxicological studies by the US National
Toxicology Program (NTP), were analyzed in clinical studies.
No individual study is definitely convincing, however, putting
all data together shows that estrogenic effects on several
targets and on reproduction can be recorded for isoflavone
daily intakes ranging from 40 to 60mg in adults (about 0.75
mg/kg/day). These active doses lead to free plasma aglycone
levels being 500 to 5000 times higher than free-estradiol
in human plasma, depending if children, premenopausal
women, men or postmenopausal women are considered. In
soy, isoflavones are present as glycosides and are soluble in
water. This allows them to leak into water during prolonged
cooking or simmering. These cooking steps were common in
traditionalAsianrecipesbutarenolongerfound inmodernsoy
industrial processes which were designed to reduce energy
and environmental costs. Therefore, the human exposure to
estrogenic isoflavones rose recently with the development
of industrial soy-based-foods. Estrogenic isoflavones can
therefore be considered as modern endocrine disruptors
acting in synergy with other environmental compounds.
Removing isoflavones from modern food may be a solution.
To take advantages of these substances still lowering their
deleterious effects for the global population, their use in
dietary-supplements or biological preparations should be
studied further. Such preparations should allow targeting the
right physiological status.
e:
catherine.bennetau@u-bordeaux.frEstrogenic isoflavones as modern food compounds can have both beneficial and adverse effects
Catherine Bennetau-Pelissero
University of Bordeaux, France