21 / 21
allied
academies
J Parasit Dis Diagn Ther 2017
Volume 2 Issue 3
Tropical Medicine 2017
Page 57
September 7-8, 2017 | Edinburgh, Scotland
4
th
International Conference on
Tropical Medicine, Infectious Diseases & Public Health
CONTROL
OF
IMMUNOPHATOLOGY
DURINGACUTE ARBOVIRAL INFECTIONS
Vincent Vieillard
a
, Caroline Petitdemange
a
, Christopher Maucourant
a
,
Nadia Wauquier
a
and Eric Leroy
b
a
Sorbonne Universités, France
b
Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF), Gabon
T
he recent explosive pandemic of chikungunya (CHIKV)
followed by Zika (ZIKAV) virus infections occurring
throughout many countries are the most unexpected
arrivals of arthropod-borne viral diseases over the past 20
years. Transmitted through the bite of Aedes mosquitoes,
the clinical picture associated with these acute arbovirus
infections; including Dengue (DENV), CHIKV and ZIKAV,
ranges from classical febrile illness to life-threatening disease.
Though ZIKAV and CHIKV have previously been known as
relatively benign diseases, the more recent epidemic events
have brought waves of increasedmorbidity and fatality leading
them to become a serious public health problem, like as
currently observed with DENV. The host’s immune response
plays a crucial part in controlling the infection but it may also
contribute to promote viral spread and immunopathology.
We assess the recent developments on the immune responses,
with an emphasis on the early antiviral immune responses,
to understand their possible Janus-faced effects in the control
of virus infection and pathogenesis. We hypothesize that
several innate immune cells subsets, including NK cells,
are strongly involved during acute arbovirus infections.
Improving our understanding of the immune mechanisms
that control viral infections is crucial in the current race
against the globalization of these epidemics. The emergence of
co-infections and the unprecedented increase in magnitude
in morbidity and mortality during recent major concomitant
outbreaks are concerning new threats which need to be
closely monitored.
J Parasit Dis Diagn Ther 2017