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Microbiology: Current Research 2017
Volume 1 Issue 2 Microbes Infection 2017
Notes:
Page 30
September 28-29, 2017 | London, UK
Microbes Infection
38th Annual congress on
Understanding immunity to invasive Salmonella
diseases to design new preventive measures
Pietro Mastroeni
University of Cambridge UK
Bacterial diseases are a grave threat for humankind causing
approximately six million deaths per year. Invasive non-
typhoidalSalmonella (iNTS) are a leading cause of lethal sepsis
in young children and immune-compromised individuals,
especially in developing countries with an estimated 3.8M
illnesses and 680,000 deaths. Antimicrobial resistance is on
the increase and no vaccines are currently licensed. iNTS
disease has a pathogenesis that is both extracellular and
intracellular, with systemic spread in multiple body tissues.
iNTS are vulnerable to antibodies and complement that lyse
the bacteria and/or target them to phagocytes, increasing
the antimicrobial functions of host cells. Development
and optimisation of preventive measures against iNTS,
including vaccines, requires a clearer understanding of the
correlates and mechanism of action of the protective immune
response. Using multidisciplinary approaches that include
novel gene-targeted animals and human in vitro systems,
our work has identified phagocyte receptors, intracellular
killing mechanisms and bacterial antigens that are involved
in phagocyte- and antibody-mediated killing of iNTS. Using
recombinant chimeric immunoglobulins, we have determined
the relative potency of different IgG subclasses in human
preclinical models, thus generating essential information on
the requirements of the protective response. This work lays a
foundation for the development of vaccines and antibodies in
the prevention and therapy of septicaemic iNTS in immune-
deficient individuals.
Biography
Dr.Mastroeni is a scientist with a medical background. His research is focused
on the interplay between bacterial pathogenesis and the immune system as
the foundation for vaccine development. His work has established many key
requirements and mechanisms of protective immunity to bacterial infections
and has identified and characterized bacterial virulence and/or immune-
evasion genes as targets for live attenuated vaccine candidates. His group
has pioneered innovative multidisciplinary approaches, which combine
immunology, microscopy, molecularly tagged microbial subpopulations and
mathematical modeling, to study bacterial infection dynamics in vivo. This
has allowed to unravel the impact of immunity, vaccination and antibiotics on
pathogen behaviour at the single cell level and to gather a global understanding
of infection biology.
Pietro Mastroeni, Microbiology: Current Research 2017