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Page 46
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November 22-23, 2018 | Paris, France
Journal of Materials Science and Nanotechnology | Volume: 2
Materials Physics and Materials Science
International Conference on
High purity diamond single crystals and their possible applications in hi-tech areas
Vladimir Blank
Technological Institute for Superhard and Novel Carbon Materials, Russia
During the past decade, the technologies of perfect diamond
single crystals, including semiconductor ones, have been
developing rapidly. However, despite the 50ct and above
success rate in the single crystal growthprocesses, theprospects
of diamond single crystals application in modern electronics
and other high-tech areas remain undiscovered. There are the
followingmainmethods for obtaining diamond crystals: growth
at high pressures and temperatures (HPHT) and gas-phase
synthesis (CVD). Both methods have a number of advantages
and disadvantages. In HPHT processes, it is possible to obtain
structurally perfect crystals, but the diamond size is limited by
the dimensions of the high-pressure cell. In the case of CVD,
the growth volume can be much larger, and it is easier to apply
doping in the synthesis of semiconductor crystals, but still, it is
not yet possible to produce dislocation-free diamonds.
Currently, there are several main hi-tech directions where we
can anticipate successful use of diamonds.This is primarily
passive electronics: diamond heat sinks. This is associated with
a sharp decrease in the cost of the diamond itself, an increase
in its size and in its thermal the other hand, we
can now establish some new directions that have emerged on
the basis of the successes in the perfect diamond single crystals
synthesis:
- X-ray optics, including the creation of X-ray lasers on free
electrons
- Extreme electronics, Schottky diodes and a β-decay diamond
battery; sensors of nuclear radiation, high-temperature sensors
- acoustoelectronics, including resonators with a frequency of
up to 40GHz
- quantum crystals, quantum computers, controlled formation
of NV and other centers in diamond
- single-crystal diamond tools, including those combined with
laser radiation, as well as for application inmicro- and nanoscale
The research carried out at FSBI TISNCM in these and other
fields showed high potential for the use of perfect diamonds.
Thus, in 2012 a free-electron X-ray laser using diamond optics
was launched in the US for the first time in the world; later
beam dividers, high-resolution spectrometers, focusing lenses
and other devices were created 2017, a β-decay
diamond battery was tested, and an output power of 50μWt/
cm3 was 2014, p-type diamond single crystals
were synthesized, and their crystallization and electronic
structures were studied showing that their physical properties
are due to the formation of B-C layers.These and a number
of other experimental results open up new horizons for using
high-purity diamond single crystals, including semiconductor
crystals, in the hi-tech industry comprising electronics, nuclear
and medical equipment.
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