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Virol Res J 2017 Volume 1 Issue 3
International Virology Conference
October 30-31, 2017 | Toronto, Canada
Pattern recognition receptor-initiated innate antiviral response in adipocytes
Lili Yu
1
Xinxiang Medical University, China
2
CAMS and PUMC, China
A
dipose tissue had long been considered as a site that
stores energy. Although wide range of viruses can infect
adipose tissues, innate antiviral response of adipose cells
has not been investigated. Adipose cells are equipped with
innate antiviral system. Major virus sensors including Toll-
like receptor 3 (TLR3), melanoma differentiation-associated
antigen 5 (MDA5) and retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)
are constitutively expressed in preadipocytes and adipocytes.
Poly(I:C), a common agonist of TLR3, MDA5 and RIG-I, induced
the expression of type I interferons in the two types of adipose
cells through the activation of IFN-regulatory factor 3 and
upregulated proinflammatory factors such as TNF-α and IL-6
through the activation nuclear factor kappa B. Cytosolic DNA
sensor p204 and its signaling adaptor stimulator of interferon
(IFN) genes (STING) were constitutively expressed in adipocytes.
Synthetic herpes simplex viral DNA (HSV60), a p204 ligand,
induced type I IFN expression by activating IFN regulatory factor
3. Many major antiviral proteins, including IFN-stimulating gene
15, 2’5’-oligoadenylate synthetase and Mx GTPase 1 could
be activated by both poly(I:C) and HSV60. poly(I:C) inhibited
preadipocyte differentiation in a dose-dependent manner, but
not in a time-dependent manner. Endogenously transfected
poly (I:C) severely impaired the adipogenesis of preadipocytes
compared with exogenously added poly(I:C). Further study
indicates that poly (I:C) inhibited the differentiation of mouse
preadipocytes through PRR-mediated secretion of TNF-α.
HSV60 inhibited the differentiation of preadipocytes to mature
adipocytes and enhanced the proliferation of adipose cells.
Most of these studies have concentrated on immune cells,
principally macrophages, dendrite cell and T cells whose
metabolic state is also critical to their immune function. The
study reports that not only immune cells, but also adipocytes,
which are important cells in the body’s metabolic state, and
their precursor cells during anti-virus infection.
Speaker Biography
Lili Yu focuses her research on the function of pattern recognition receptors in adipose
cells and passion
in virus
infection causing weight loss and gain. She got her PhD degree
at Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) in Beijing of China in 2014 following the
Dr. Daishu Han. Then she worked at Xinxiang Medical University to continue the study
which will demonstrate whether these effects observed in vitro can translate to the
whole animal and from the mouse model to humans. Currently, she is a visitor at
Pennington Biomedical Research Center as a Postdoc.
e:
merrys222@126.com