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September 20-21, 2017 | Philadelphia, USA
Global summit on
TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE
Int J Respir Med 2017 Volume 2 Issue 2
B
ronchial anthracofibrosis (BAF) is the black discoloration
of bronchial mucosa associated obliteration of large and
small airways and clinical manifestation resembling COPD
but albeit without smoking. Chung et al introduced BAF first
in modern era to the world and he believed that tuberculosis
(TB) as the main cause of BAF. Later many studies in Korea,
Turkey and Iran reported frequency of tuberculosis in BAF.
Among the eight studies on anthracofibrosis, six studies
showed a significantly higher frequency of TB (32.3%) in
comparison to the control groups. The cumulated Odds Ratio
of TB in all studies of anthracosis was 3.16 (95% CI = 2.49
– 6.85). Laboratory techniques used in these studies were
mainly acid fast bacilli staining, Löwenstein-Jensen, and
Middlebrook culture and histopathology. Histopathology
usually revealed granuloma formation and macrophage
containing anthracotic nodules. Two new studies used
molecular technique and PCR for better evaluation of
tuberculosis. They reported positive results in 37-40% which
are the highest frequency of tuberculosis reported in BAF.
PCR and finger print method was also used for evaluating
the origin of mycobacterium tuberculosis. Spoligotyping
of M. tuberculosis showed four distinct patterns: East-
African-Indian (11, 47.8%) and Central-Asian (7, 30.4%),
Haarlem I (4, 17.4%) and T-1 (1, 4.3%) which were similar
to their community in Iran and middle east. Therefore
we can conclude that BAF is susceptible to tuberculosis
due malfunctioning to alveolar macrophage occupied by
anthracotic nodule and there are not a cause and effect
relationship between tuberculosis and BAF.
Speaker Biography
Majid Mirsadraee is Professor in Department of Internal Medicine, Islamic Azad
University- Mashhad branch. He has completed his sub-specialty in pulmonary
medicine in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran. His expertise in pulmonary
medicine are endobronchial ultrasonography, tuberculosis, fungal and lophomonas
infection of lung and severe asthma. His interests in research are anthracosis of lung
and triazole therapy for severe asthma. He has over 50 publications that have been
cited over 180 times, and his/her publication H-index is 7. He is Editor in Chief in
Medical Journal of Islamic Azad University and Member of Editorial Board in
Journal of
Cardio-Thoracic Medicine
.
e:
majidmirsadraee@mshdiau.ac.irStrong association of tuberculosis and bronchial anthracofibrosis
Majid Mirsadraee
Islamic Azad University, Iran