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allied
academies
March 14-16, 2019 | London, UK
12
th
International Conference on
8
th
International Conference on
Vascular Dementia and Dementia
Neurological Disorders and Stroke
Joint Event
&
Journal of Brain and Neurology | Volume 3
Trpv channels in the Brain and Pituitary: Organization and possible role
Santosh Kumar
1
and
Praful Singru
2
1
University of California Davis, USA
2
National Institute of Science Education and Research, India
T
ransient receptor potential vanilloid (Trpv) subfamily of
cation channels have emerged as novel regulators of
neural and neuroendocrine regulation. Trpv ion channels
are polymodal in nature and activated by a range of agents/
stimuli. In recent years estradiol has emerged as a potential
regulator of Trpv channels in the peripheral tissues and
sensory neurons, however, its analogous role in the CNS is
poorly understood. Trpv channels modulate Ca2+ signaling,
neurotransmission and behavior, and expression of these
ion channels and estrogen receptors show a great degree of
overlap in different brain regions. The promoter of Trpv1-6
genes contain estrogen response element and we observed
estrous cycle-related changes in their expression in different
brain compartments. In view of the higher Ca2+-selectivity
and estrogen responsiveness, we have demonstrated the
neuroanatomical organization of Trpv5 and Trpv6-ir elements in
the brain. We observed wide distribution of Trpv5- and Trpv6-
equipped elements in the brain. Trpv5-ir was present in neurons
as well as glial cells, whereas Trpv6-ir was observed in neuronal
cell bodies and fibers. These ion channels expressing elements
were observed in the hypothalamic cocaine-and amphetamine-
regulated transcript (CART), neuropeptide Y (NPY), oxytocin
and vasopressin neurons. Further, CART neurons expressing
Trpv5 and Trpv6-ir neurons in the hypothalamus coexpressing
ERα showed estrous cycle-dependent changes. Given the
discretely organized Trpv1-6-ir elements in different lobes of
the pituitary gland, we speculate that Trpv ion channels as novel
endocrine regulators of pituitary gland. We found the presence
of Trpv1 in growth hormone (GH) cells and treatment with
Trpv1 agonist stimulated GH secretion in rat pituitary primary
cultures. Interestingly, the CART-induced GH release seems
independent of Trpv1. The findings are important since Trpv1 is
thermosensitive, temperature is an important regulator of GH
secretion, and GH release has been shown to increase with an
increase in the core body temperature during exercise.
Speaker Biography
Santosh Kumar has completed his PhD in April 2018 from the National Institute of Science
Education and Research, Bhubaneswar, India. He worked on the neural pathways that link
energy balance and reproduction, and explored the role of Trpv channels in the brain and
pituitary. He has 12 publications of which 4 are first author published in Neuroscience,
Journal of Neuroendocrinology, and Brain Research. At present, he is working on the
mechanisms of neurodevelopmental disorders at the University of California, Davis, USA
as a postdoctoral scholar.
e:
santoshkumarbio@gmail.com