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Journal of Environmental Waste Management and Recycling | Volume 1

March 05-06, 2018 | London, UK

Recycling & Waste Management

International Conference on

Devulcanization of waste rubber tyre utilizing deep eutectic solvent and ultrasonic energy

Ricky S

, Rashmi W

, Khalid M

, Kaveh S

and

Suganti R

Taylors University, Malaysia

Sunway University, Malaysia

University of Auckland, New Zealand

his particular study of interest aims to study the effect

of coupling ultrasonic treatment with eutectic solvents

in devulcanization process of waste rubber tyre. Specifically,

three different types of DESs were utilized, namely ChCl:Urea

(1:2), ChCl:ZnCl2 (1:2) and ZnCl2:urea (2:7) in which their

physicochemical properties were analysed and proven to

have permissible water content that is less than 3.0 wt%,

degradation temperature below 200oC and freezing point

below 60oC. The mass ratio of rubber to DES were varied

from 1:20-1:40, sonicated for 1 hour at 37 kHz and heated at

variable time of 5-30 min at 180oC. EDX results revealed that

the first two DESs give the highest degree of sulphur removal

at 74.44 and 76.69 % respectively with optimumheating time

at 15 minutes whereby if prolonged, reformation of crosslink

network would be experienced. Such is supported by the

evidence shown by both FTIR and FESEM results where di-

sulphide peak reappear at 30 minutes and morphological

structures from 15 to 30 minutes change from smooth

with high voidage to rigid with low voidage respectively.

Furthermore, TGA curve reveals similar phenomena whereby

at 15 minutes thermal decomposition temperature is at the

lowest due to the decrease of molecular weight as a result

of sulphur removal but increases back at 30 minutes. Type

of bond change was also analysed whereby it was found

that only di-sulphide bond was cleaved and such indicating

partial-devulcanization. Overall, eutectic solvents indeed

have a great potential to be used as devulcanizing solvent

as proven.