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Nov 12-13, 2018 | Paris, France
Nutraceuticals and Food Sciences
International Conference on
27
th
International Conference on
Nursing and Healthcare
&
Joint Event
Journal of Food science and Nutrition | Volume 1
Impact of Nutraceutials on global health: Current challenges and future perspective
Ramesh C Gupta
Murray State University, USA
N
atural products, especially plant extracts, have been used
for thousands of years for maintaining health vigor and for
prevention and treatment of diseases. With the current world
population at seven and-half billion, rising health care costs,
and drug resistance, the use of complementary and alternative
medicine is inevitable. Out of the US and Europe, 80% of
people rely on dietary supplements. Presently, 150 million
Americans consume at least one supplement every day. These
complementary and alternative medicines are also referred
to as Ayurvedic, Unani, traditional Chinese medicines, etc. In
1989, Dr. Stephen DeFelice coined the term “Nutraceutical”
from “Nutrition” and “Pharmaceutical”, and defined it as “A
food (or part of a food) that provides medical or health benefits,
including the prevention and/or treatment of a disease”. By
the turn of the 21st century, the use of nutraceuticals has
exploded to safeguard human and animal health. Currently,
revenue of the nutraceutical industry is more than $250 billion
per year. From a “One Health” perspective, nutraceuticals are
used for infectious and non-infectious diseases in humans
and animals. By having antioxidative, anti-inflammatory,
immunomodulatory, cytoprotective, antimicrobial, anti-
parasitic, anti-fungal and many other properties, nutraceuticals
are used for cardiac, respiratory, hepatic, neurodegenerative
(Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s), diabetes, arthritis, cancer, and
other ailments. Additionally, phytochemicals are playing a vital
role in controlling vectors and thereby mitigating the spread of
diseases such as malaria, West Nile, dengue, and others around
the globe. In spite of their worldwide use in human and animal
health, nutraceuticals lack mechanistic rationale and quality
standards compared to pharmacotherapeutic drugs because
of their inadequate efficacy, safety and toxicity evaluation,
lack of clinical studies, and inadequate regulatory guidelines.
In the US, the only major regulation related to nutraceuticals
is the 1994 passage of the Dietary Supplement Health and
Education Act by the US Congress. If Farm Bill 2018 is passed by
the US Congress, then cannabis, for pain management, atopic
dermatitis, osteoarthritis, and many other health conditions,
will be the most popular nutraceutical. In the EU, current
regulations require evidence that herbal medicinal products
meet acceptable standards of quality, safety, and efficacy before
a product can be issued. Currently, the nutraceutical industry is
facing too many challenges, including quality control, evidence
of therapeutic efficacy, food-nutraceutical-pharmaceutical
interaction, and assurance of product safety. By all means, the
future of nutraceuticals in human and animal health seems
bright as novel nutraceuticals will divulge optimal efficacy with
few or no side effects.
Speaker Biography
Ramesh C Gupta, earned his DVM, MVSc, and PhD in India, and carried out his
postdoctoral training at Michigan State University (1981-1983) and Vanderbilt University
(1983-1987) in the US. Currently, he serves as Professor and Head of the Toxicology
Department, Murray State University. For more than 35 years, he has conducted
experimental brain research in relation to pesticide and neurodegenerative diseases,
and for the last twenty years has been heavily engaged in nutraceuticals research. He
has made presentations in the UK, France, Australia, Italy, Japan, Germany, Switzerland,
Spain, Czech Republic, Sweden, Finland, South Korea, and China. Dr. Gupta has served
on the panels of NIH, CDC, NIOSH, and National Academy of Sciences, and has published
>425 publications, including eight major books: (1) Toxicology of Organophosphate
and Carbamate Compounds, (2) Veterinary Toxicology: Basic and Clinical Principles, (3)
Handbook of Toxicology of Chemical Warfare Agents, (4) Anticholinesterase Pesticides:
Metabolism, Neurotoxicity and Epidemiology, (5) Reproductive and Developmental
Toxicology, (6) Biomarkers in Toxicology, (7) Nutraceuticals: Efficacy, Safety and Toxicity,
and (8) Nutraceuticals in Veterinary Medicine (in preparations). In 2006, he received the
Murray State University’s Distinguished Researcher Award; and in 2014, Outstanding
Research Award. He is a Diplomate of the American Board of Toxicology, and Fellow
of American College of Toxicology, American College of Nutrition, and Academy of
Toxicological Sciences. Currently, he holds active membership in more than a dozen
academicsocieties, includingAmericanCollegeofNutrition,AmericanVeterinaryMedical
Association, American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Society
of Toxicology, Eurotox, International Society for the Study of Xenobiotics, and American
College of Toxicology.
e:
rgupta@murraystate.edu