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Journal of Materials Science and Nanotechnology | Volume 2
July 23-25, 2018 | Moscow, Russia
Materials Science and Engineering
International Conference on
Evolution of soil stabilization using Nanomaterials
Ali Akbar Firoozi
Universiti Kebangsaan, Malaysia
T
he construction industry is increasingly turning to the use
of environmentally friendly materials in order to meet
the sustainable aspect required by modern infrastructures.
Consequently, in the last two decades, the expansion of
this concept, and the increasing global warming have
raised concerns on the extensive use of Portland cement/
fly ash due to the high amount of carbon dioxide gas
associated with their production. Soft clays are associated
with low compressive strength and excessive settlement.
This reduction in strength due to moisture leads to severe
damages to buildings and foundations. The soil behavior
can be a challenge to the designer build infrastructure plans
to on clay deposits. The damage due to the expansive soils
every year is expected to be $1 billion in the USA, £150
million in UK and many billions of pounds worldwide. The
damages associated with expansive soils are not because
of the lack of inadequate engineering solutions but to the
failure to identify the existence and magnitude of expansion
of these soils in the early stage of project planning. The
development of nanotechnology and nanomaterials offer
promising signs for a change in the way of construction and
geotechnical projects. Nanotechnology, as a new industrial
revolution, has brought numerous opportunities to a
variety of scientific, engineering and technological sectors.
The bottom-up synthetic strategy in the transitional zone
between atom and molecule creates Nano-dimensional
materialswith novel physical and chemical properties. Hence,
soil improvement with nanomaterials is a new technique
to tap the significant advances made in nanotechnology
which has made nanomaterials cheaper and robust
material to compare with traditional methods in the future.
e
:
afiroozi@siswa.ukm.edu.myThe effect of annealing temperature on structural and optical properties of ZnGa
2
O
4
: Cr
3+
synthesized
by citrate sol-gel method
Megersa K
and
F B Dejenei
University of the Free State, South Africa
This paper reports the material properties of Cr
3+
(1 mol %)
doped ZnGa
2
O
4
nano-powder prepared by citric acid assisted
sol-gel method. The effect of annealing temperature on optical,
structural and morphological properties of ZnGa
2
O
4
:Cr
3+
(1mol
%) nano-sized particle were investigated. The x-ray diffraction
(XRD) results showed that the synthesized nano particles are
cubic structured and the annealing temperature did not affect
the crystal structure. The average crystallite size of ZnGa
2
O
4
:
Cr
3+
was observed to increase from 11.85 nm to 30.88 nm as
the annealing temperature increased from 600 to 1000 °C. The
analysis of high resolution transmission electron microscope
(HR-TEM) showthatwith increaseof annealing temperature the
average particle size increase and also the HR-TEM image show
clear lattice fringe which is indicative of increase in crystallity
with increase in annealing temperature. Ultraviolet–visible
(UV-Vis) spectrophotometer measurement shown an increase
in reflectance in visible region and also energy band gap found
to be increase with increase of annealing temperature. The
photoluminescence (PL) intensity was found to be maximum
with sample annealed at high temperature (1000 °C) and
least with sample annealed at low temperature (600 °C). An
increase in annealing temperature leads significantly increment
in PL intensity. The degree of crystallinity also increased with
annealing temperature from XRD, SEM and HR-TEM analysis.
The emission spectra, photoluminescence lifetimes and particle
size are comparable with reports on bio imaging applications.
e:
megekasim@gmail.com