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Journal of Physical Therapy and Sports Medicine
Volume 1, Issue 1
December 07-08, 2017 Rome, Italy
4
th
Euro-Global Physiotherapy Congress 2017
Euro Physiotherapy 2017
Physical analgesia – state-of-the-art
(Contemporary Rehabilitation methods for Pain
relief)
P
ain management is an important part of rehabilitation
algorithms in clinical practice.
Pain
is one of the
most frequent sensations, formed in the nervous
system. By definition, pain is an unpleasant sensory
and emotional experience associated with actual or
potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such
damage. The Declaration of Montreal of the International
Pain Summit of the International Association for the
Study of Pain (IASP) identifies that chronic pain is a
serious chronic health problem and access to pain
management is considered as a fundamental human
right. We proposed the notion
physical analgesia
for
the application of physical factors for pain management.
By our opinion the anti-pain effect of physical modalities
is very important, with a high level of efficacy. Physical
analgesia has not side consequences and may be
applied in combination with other therapeutic factors.
In physical analgesia a lot of
physical modalities
are
applied:
• Preformed modalities
: Low frequency currents
and low frequency modulated middle frequency
currents (sinusoidal-modulated, interferential, Kots
currents); Transcutaneous electroneurostimulation
(TENS); High frequency currents (
diathermy, ultra-
high frequency currents, decimeter and centimeter
waves
); Ultra-sound and phonophoresis with
NSAIDs; Low frequency magnetic field; Deep
Oscillation;
• Natural modalities
: Kryo-factors (
ice, cold packs,
cold compresses
); Thermo-agents (
hot packs,
hot compresses
), Hydro- and balneo-techniques
(
douches, baths, piscine
); hydro and balneo-
physiotherapy techniques (
underwater massage,
under water exercises, etc
.); Peloidotherapy
(
fango therapy, thermal mud, sea lye compresses
);
Physiotherapy techniques - stretching, post-
isometric relaxation, manual therapy (traction,
mobilization, manipulation); massages (manual
and with devices; periostal, connective tissue
massage, etc.);
• Reflectorymethods
:electrotherapy, thermotherapy
and physiotherapy in reflectory points and zones;
acupuncture, laserpuncture, acupressure, etc
We propose our own theory for explanation of
pathogenetic mechanisms
of action of physical
modalities on the nociceptive and neuropathic
pain:
By influence on the cause for irritation of
pain receptors
- consequence of stimulation of
circulation, metabolism and trophy of tissues
(by low and medium frequency electric currents,
magnetic field, ultrasound, He-Ne laser;
massages; manual techniques); By blocking of
Ivet B. KOLEVA
Medical University of Sofia, Bulgaria
Ivet B. KOLEVA, J Phys Ther Sports Med 2017