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J Pharmacol Ther Res 2017 Volume 1 Issue 2
November 02-03, 2017 Chicago, USA
4
th
International Congress on
International Conference and Exhibition on
Drug Discovery, Designing and Development
Biochemistry, Molecular Biology: R&D
&
Statement of the Problem:
HIV-1 (Human immunodeficiency
virus)isthevirusthatcausesAIDS(acquiredimmunodeficiency
syndrome) and continues to be major global public health
issues. HIV/AIDS is the leading cause of death among the
women of reproductive age (15-49 years) and 62% of the new
infections among adolescents occurred among adolescent
girls. There were an estimated 2.1 million new HIV infections
in 2013 and despite significant efforts; the rate of new HIV
infections worldwide remains unacceptably high.
Findings:
Therapeutic interventions could be targeted
towards various steps in HIV-1 replication cycle. Highly
active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) resulted in reduced
viral replication/load and enabled immune system recovery,
which finally led to increased life expectancy. Along with this
other interventions under developments involves vaccines,
treatment of other sexually transmitted diseases, ARTs for
HIV infected population, and development of pre-exposure
prophylaxis against HIV using ARVs and microbicides
for vaginal and rectal use. Prevention strategy based on
antiretroviral agents targeted as following approaches
microbicides, preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP), and treatment
as prevention. Microbicides are topical PrEP products (such
as gels, capsules, tablets, films, and intravaginal rings (IVR))
designed to be applied either around the time of coitus, used
daily (gels and films), or to deliver product over a prolonged
period (IVR).
Conclusion & Future Perspective:
Fate and future of AIDS
mainly depends on how and to what extent preventive
strategies against HIV 1 infection among women are
effective? Future research should focus on developing true
sterilizing cure with complete eradication of the virus, and
a functional cure, which is a permanent suppression of the
virus without significant replication in the absence of ART.
Microbicides will provide a user-friendly technology that will
widen the range of protective options and, will be under the
control of women.
e:
nGiri@westcoastuniversity.eduRecent advances in microbicide delivery
Namita Giri
West Coast University, USA