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J Parasit Dis Diagn Ther 2017 | Volume 2 Issue 4
International Conference on
Zoology, Microbiology & Medical Parasitology
October 30-November 01, 2017 | Chicago, USA
Electrolyzed oxidizing water reduces parasitemia, tissue damage, and mortality of experimentally
infected BALB /c mice with
Trypanosoma cruzi
Minerva Arce-Fonseca
National Institute of Cardiology, Mexico
Background:
Chagas disease or American
trypanosomiasis
caused by the protozoan
Trypanosoma cruzi
belongs to the
group of Neglected Tropical Diseases. It is an endemic disease
in 21 Latin American countries, and it is also considered as
an emerging disease in the USA and Europe, which causes
the death of 10 000 people per year worldwide. There are
two clinical stages of Chagas disease: acute and chronic.
Only 30% of infected patients develop cardiopathies and/
or dysfunctions of the gastrointestinal tract. The remaining
70% are chronic patients without clinical manifestations
but with positive serology. In the acute stage, antiparasitic
treatment with any of the only two drugs on the market
(Nifurtimox and Benznidazole) is effective in 80% of cases.
Only a few countries treat the patient in a chronic phase
with trypanocidal drugs, and most focus on controlling
cardiac symptoms rather than attacking the parasite. The
use of electrolyzed oxidizing water (EOW) offers a new
strategy to prevent or stop the cardiac consequences of
T.
cruzi
infection, as it has been reported as an innovative high-
level disinfectant capable of eliminating bacteria, viruses,
fungi in 30 seconds, and spores in 15 minutes. In addition,
neutral pH EOWs have been shown to be innocuous orally
or parenterally in rats, mice and dogs. Objective: The aim of
this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an EOW as a
trypanocidal treatment that prevents the establishment of
the disease or controls the progression of heart disease in a
murine model infected with
Trypanosoma cruzi
.
Methods:
Six-to 8-week-old female BALB/c mice
were inoculated intraperitoneally with 10,000 blood
trypomastigotes of H8
T. cruzi
strain, and treated orally,
intramuscularly and intravenously every 24 hours with
EOW (40 ppm) at 20 days postinfection (dpi) for five days.
Parasitemia was determined, clinical signs were observed
and mortality was recorded for 60 dpi. At 60 dpi euthanasia
was performed and cardiac, splenic and lymph node indices
were calculated. Other macroscopic alterations in the heart,
spleen, esophagus, colon, intestines, skeletal muscle and
nerve tissue were also registered.
Results:
Intraperitoneal infection was successful in 100% of
the inoculated population. In all infected groups, parasitemia
was observed at 20 dpi. In treated animals, the peak of
parasitemia was found earlier than in the untreated group.
In addition, the quantification of parasites in blood was 2
to 5 times lower in EOW treated-mice than in non-treated
ones, being the oral route with the largest difference.
Moderate improvement in the physical state and health
of animals treated with EOW was observed. Cardiomegaly
and splenomegaly were avoided in mice receiving oral and
intramuscular EOW treatment, respectively, whose cardiac
and splenic indexes were very similar to the uninfected
control group. Survival was 100% in the murine population
receiving oral EOW treatment.
Conclusion:
EOW efficiently inhibited the severity of Chagas
disease in experimentally infected BALB/c mice, reducing
clinical signs, parasitaemia, cardio-esplenomegaly and
mortality. These outcomes may lead to the use of an effective
innovative trypanocidal sustance against Chagas disease.
Speaker Biography
Minerva Arce Fonseca is currently working as an Researcher in Medical Sciences C and
worked for the Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Proteomics in the National
Institute of Cardiology, Ignacio Chávez.
e:
mini_arce@yahoo.com.mx