7 / 9
Page 29
Notes:
J Parasit Dis Diagn Ther 2017 | Volume 2 Issue 4
allied
academies
International Conference on
Zoology, Microbiology & Medical Parasitology
October 30-November 01, 2017 | Chicago, USA
StatementoftheProblem:
Parasiticnematodesareabletocross-
regulate host immunity, evade immune surveillance, favoring
their own survival. This is in part accomplished by producing
bioactivemolecules possessing potent immunoregulatory roles.
Ostertagia ostertagi
is a nematode parasite specifically infecting
the gastric glands of the abomasum (4
th
stomach) of cattle.
This most important parasite is highly prevalent in temperate
regions worldwide and causes sustained production losses to
the cattle industry. Gastrointestinal parasite control heavily
relies on the use of anthelmintics; however, drug resistance is
rapidly emerging and requires development of alternatives to
drug control.
Methodology & Theoretical Orientation:
Parasitic immune
modulators were investigated by homologue search in the
parasitic transcriptome and molecularly cloned/expressed/
purified, and functionally characterized.
Findings:
Upon infection with
O. ostertagi
, significant immune
responses were readily detectable in the abomasum and its
draining lymph nodes as early as day 3 post infection. However,
host resistance to infection was not generated until after
repeated infections. A number of parasitic immune modulators
such as macrophage migration inhibitory facto (MIF) and
annexins were identified some of those were developmentally
regulated and possessed active functions cross-regulating
bovine host immune responses. Results suggested that
immunosuppressionmediated by parasitic immunemodulators
may be a mechanism by which the parasite evades host
protective immunity.
Conclusion & Significance:
Investigation of the host-parasite
interaction, particularly immunomodulation mediated by
parasitic-derived immune modulators, will aid in further
understanding host-parasite interactions, host response to
infection and parasite evasion, and facilitate the development
of immunological control measures.
Speaker Biography
Wenbin Tuo has expertise in protozoan and nematode parasite infectious diseases
in livestock species. He has devoted his professional career to understanding host-
parasite interactions and development of immunologic control measures for parasitic
infections in large ruminants. Vaccine candidates identified by antigen-specific CD4
T cells and parasitic immune modulators that are able to cross-down-regulate host
protective immunity have been tested in numerous vaccine trials and some of the
vaccines have been demonstrated to have significant protective efficacies. His ongoing
research involves continued investigation of interplays between the parasites and
hosts and identification and testing of protective candidate vaccines in ruminants.
e:
WENBIN.TUO@ARS.USDA.GOVWenbin Tuo
United States Department of Agriculture/ARS, USA
Ostertagiosis and
Ostertagia ostertagi
interactions with the bovine host