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Biomedical Research (An International Journal of Medical Sciences) | ISSN: 0976-1683 Volume 30
June 06-07, 2019 | London, UK
2
nd
International Conference on
Tissue Science and Molecular Biology,
Stem Cells & Separation Techniques
Joint Event
F
ocal articular cartilage lesions are often treated by bone
marrow stimulation, a surgical procedure in which the
surgeon debrides all damaged cartilage in a lesion, then
creates controlled bone fractures that bleed and induce a
spontaneous wound repair response. Because the resulting
repair tissues are heterogeneous and often incomplete, new
methods are under intense investigation that improve the
quality and quantity of repair tissue elicited by bone marrow
stimulation. Original attempts to enhance microfracture
repair used solid scaffolds designed to form a 3-D scaffold
that remains intact, degrades very slowly and ultimately
interferes with spontaneous repair processes. We have
developed an entirely different regenerative medicine
approach, based on the concept that cartilage repair can
be enhanced by engineering bioactive microparticles
into the hematoma that forms in the subchondral bone.
Chitosan is a biocompatible and bioactive polysaccharide
composed of glucosamine and N-acetyl glucosamine that
is well-known for its ability to attract neutrophils and
macrophages to healing wounds. A freeze-dried chitosan
implant was designed to disperse into microparticles in
bleeding subchondral bone. Data from preclinical rabbit
and skeletally aged sheep models show that chitosan
microparticles are resident in the hematoma, stimulate
macrophage recruitment and angiogenesis in the
granulation tissue, induce remodeling of the subchondral
bone plate and significantly enhance the resulting articular
cartilage repair tissue volume and integration with
subchondral bone. These data serve as an important proof-
of-conceptthatsoftmaterialsimplantedinthebonemarrow
can be used to shift endogenous innate immune responses
to regenerate a structurally improved cartilage tissue.
Speaker Biography
Caroline Hoemann is a full professor of bioengineering at George Mason
University, USA. She is highly regarded internationally for her work on
cartilage and bone tissue engineering and biomaterial-induced blood
and innate immune responses. She is the recipient of 2 NIH-Fogarty post-
doctoral fellowships, four career fellowships, is a fellow member of the
International Cartilage Repair Society and serves on the editorial boards
of Cartilage and The Open Orthopaedics Journal. She is co-founder and
on the board of directors of ORTHO-RTi, an orthopedic biotech company
specializing in implants that repair joint tissues. Her research program
focuses on understanding how to use biomaterial-guided immune
responses to regenerate bone and cartilage tissues. She has published
68 peer-reviewed papers, 14 book chapters/expert opinion papers, 171
conference abstracts and 8 patent inventions. Her translational research
program aims to bring new treatment options to patients with arthritis.
In addition to strengthening and expanding the department’s research
portfolio, she brings specific teaching expertise in biomaterials, molecular
cell biology and tissue engineering that will enhance and broaden the
department’s educational programs at both the undergraduate and
graduate levels.
e:
choemann@gmu.eduCaroline Hoemann
George Mason University, USA
Articular cartilage engineering with innate immune-modulating
biomaterial implants deposited in the subchondral bone marrow
Caroline Hoemann
, Biomed Res, Volume 30
ISSN: 0976-1683