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allied
academies
Joint Event on
S e p t e m b e r 1 0 - 1 1 , 2 0 1 8 | D u b l i n , I r e l a n d
TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY & DRUG DISCOVERY
&
Global Congress on
International Conference on
Pharma Chem Congress 2018 & Toxicology Congress 2018
Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences
|
Volume 8
Asian J Biomed Pharmaceut Sci 2018, Volume 8 | DOI: 10.4066/2249-622X-C2-006
INVESTIGATION OF ANTI-LEUKEMIC AND ANTI-CLASTOGENIC
POTENTIALS OF SOME MEDICINAL PLANTS KNOWN FOR THE
TREATMENT OF LEUKEMIA IN OGBOMOSO, NIGERIA
Adewale Adetutu
Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Nigeria
L
eukemia is a cancer of the blood and bone marrow that is characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of immature blood
cells that originate from mutated hematopoietic stem cells. Globally, leukemia accounts for about 200 and 22000 deaths
annually. The side effects of chemotherapy in leukemia treatment have necessitated the search for natural products especially
medicinal plants as alternative therapy. Therefore, this study investigated some medicinal plants that are popularly used for the
treatment of leukemia in Ogbomoso for possible anti-leukemic and anti-clastogenic activities. Leukemia was induced with 400
mg/kg body weight of benzene intraperitoneally. 100 g of the pulverized plant leaves were extracted in four liters distilled water
and the extract was fractionated using the solvent-solvent extraction method. The anti-leukemic potentials were evaluated by
microscopic examination of peripheral blood and bone marrow smear for the presence of blast. Chromosomal damage was
evaluated in the mice bone barrow smear using the micronucleus assay. The antioxidant activity was assayed by measuring
the level of reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the liver homogenate of mice. The
hematological parameters were analyzed using standard method. Liver samples of treated mice were processed for histological
analysis using heamoxylin and Eosin stains. The aqueous extract of the selected plants exhibited significant (p<0.05) anti-
clastogenic activity while
N lotus
and
M lucida
showed significant (p<0.05) anti-leukemic potential. Aqueous extracts of
M lucida
and
X aethiopica
caused significant (p<0.05) increase in the number of RBC, hemoglobin concentration and packed cell volume.
Treatment of mice with
N lotus
and P stratiotes caused improvement in liver cyto-architecture relative to the control. Treatment
with the fractions of
N lotus
significantly (p<0.05) reduced the number of micro nucleated polychromatic erythrocyte in the bone
marrow. Ethyl acetate fraction of
N lotus
treated group showed significant (p<0.05) anti-leukemic activity. Fractions of
N lotus
increased the number of red blood cell, hemoglobin concentration and packed cell volume. Administration of fractions of
N
lotus
to mice caused significant (p<0.05) increase in CAT activity, SOD activity and GSH concentration. The histological indices
showed improvement in general cyto-architecture in the mice treated with ethyl acetate and butanol fraction groups of N lotus.
In conclusion, this study affirms the anti-leukemic and anti-clastogenic activities of some traditionally acclaimed anti-leukemic
plants in Ogbomoso. Therefore, further studies should be done to isolate and characterize the active components of extracts and
deduce the possible mode of action.