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Neuro Congress 2019 Journal of Brain and Neurology | Volume 3
June 19-20, 2019 | Dublin, Ireland
OF EXCELLENCE
IN INTERNATIONAL
MEETINGS
YEARS
NEUROLOGY AND BRAIN DISORDERS
3rd International Conference on
NEUROCOGNITIVE PERSPECTIVE OF PROSOCIAL AND ANTISOCIAL BEHAVIOURS IN
HUMAN: EMERGING RESEARCH AND SOCIAL IMPACT
Shashikanta Tarai and Arindam Bit
National Institute of Technology Raipur, India
Evolution of mankind is deeply rooted in communicative skills that increase prosocial behaviour over aggres-
sion. Using prosocial language and behaviour, politicians gain public support and social approval. Howev-
er, neuro-cognitive mechanisms of such rational behaviour are trivial, which can be considered as a scientific
tool for modulating global policies of peace, cooperation and harmony. So far, neuro-cognitive studies have
not been directed towards how our brain anticipates prosocial and antisocial congruent and incongruent be-
haviours. In this direction, author examines the effective intervention of linguistic valences of prosocial and
antisocial stimulus while conducting electroencephalographic experiments on human brain. Participants per-
formed a judgment task following prosocial and antisocial words in sentences inwhich target words were either
congruent or incongruent with upcoming prosocial or antisocial words (e.g. he established a friendship with
others because he wanted to terrorize people). Their results show that processing of antisocial word requires
larger neurocognitive resources as compared to prosocial one, which is corroborated with our behavioural
response time suggesting higher response time for antisocial than prosocial words. Early P100 showed a larger
peak for antisocial than prosocial words in frontal regions, whereas N400 amplitudes were higher for prosocial
than antisocial words in pre-frontal regions. Hence, antisocial stimulus activates dorsolateral prefrontal cortex,
which is responsible for cognitive control. However, prosocial stimulus shows greater activation in the region of
superior temporal sulcus (STS), which is linked with moral judgments. Moreover, the influence of prosocial lan-
guage and behaviour has found to adapt neural plasticity in the brain. Our findings suggest that prosocial con-
tent is processed very rapidly while engaging optimum neural resources for automatic processing of language
in the context of cooperation and conflict. These outcomes broaden our knowledge about the importance of
neurocognitive mechanisms of prosocial language, offering theoretical insights into the sociocognitive theory
of human behaviours and language processing.
Shashikanta Tarai et al., J Brain Neurol 2019, Volume 3
Shashikanta Tarai has obtained his PhD from Indian Institute of Technology, Chennai, India. After his PhD, he completed his Post-
doctoral Research at the Centre of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences (CBCS), University of Allahabad, India. He was one of the
awardees of the University Grant Fellowship (2006-2011) and Cognitive Science Initiative Fellowship (2012-2014) sponsored by
University Grant Commission and Department of Science and Technology, Government of India. He is currently serving as Assistant
Professor in the Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, National Institute of Technology Raipur, India. He published more
than 30 national and international journal and conference papers in the area of neurolinguistics, psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics
and cognitive neuroscience of emotion, stress and neurodegeneration. He has presented his research accomplishments in Germa-
ny, Japan, Sri Lanka and United Arab Emirates.
BIOGRAPHY