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Journal of Materials Science and Nanotechnology | Volume: 3
March 20-21, 2019 | London, UK
Materials Science and Materials Chemistry
2
nd
International Conference on
Comparative study of cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of uncoated and poly-ethylene glycol-coated gold
nanoparticles on human kidney cells
Tchounwou PB, Rogers C
and
Patlolla A
Jackson State University, USA
G
old nanoparticles (AuNPs) have generated a substantial
amount of scienti c and technological interest due to
their ease of synthesis, chemical stability, and unique optical
properties. Numerous empirical studies demonstrate their
biomedical applications in chemical sensing, biological
imaging, drug delivery, and cancer treatment. In considering
these applications, biocompatibility and the absence of
cytotoxicity of AuNPs are essential. Comparative studies
were conducted to investigate whether 25-35 nm poly
(ethylene glycol) (PEG) coated and uncoated AuNPs are
more or less cytotoxic and genotoxic to human kidney(HK-2)
cells. Cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and genotoxicity were
evaluated by the MTT assay, dichlorofluorescein (H
2
DCF)
assay, and single cell gel electrophoresis, respectively.
Results showed that uncoated Au particles significantly
reduced cell viability and were cytotoxic with an IC50
concentration of 100µM whereas, the PEG coated AuNPs
displayed low toxicity even at a high dose of 200µM after 24-
hour exposure. Uncoated AuNPs increased reactive oxygen
species concentration (ROS), decrease GSH production,
and depolarize the mitochondrial membrane potential in
a concentration-dependent manner. PEG AuNPs produced
no notable increase in ROS or deceased in GSH along with
negligible polarization of the mitochondrial membrane
potential. PEG AuNPs showed insignificant genotoxic effect
of DNA damage represented by 1.07% in comparison to
37.4% exerted by uncoated AuNPs. Overall these findings
show that uncoated AuNP appear to be more cytotoxic and
more genotoixis than PEG coated AuNPs. of cytotoxicity
and genotoxicity of PEG coated AuNP compared to
uncoated AuNP will have beneficial clinical implications
for application in nanobiotechnology and nanomedicine.
e:
paul.b.tchounwou@jsums.edu