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allied
academies
Microbiology: Current Research
Volume 2
International Conference on
Emerging Diseases, Outbreaks & Case Studies
&
16
th
Annual Meeting on
March 28-29, 2018 | Orlando, USA
Influenza
E
quine influenza in non-vaccinated equine population
causes disruption and economic losses. To identify the
risk factors associated with the equine influenza epidemics
in equids in Pakistan, a 1:1 matched case control study
was conducted during 2015-2016, including laboratory
confirmed 197 positive cases and negative controls, matched
on the basis of geography, time of sampling, specie and age.
A piloted questionnaire was used to obtain the information
about the risk factors associated with the occurrence of
equine influenza in face to face interviews. Conditional
logistic regression was performed to analyze the data. A total
of 16 out of 23 variables were found associated as risk factors
on univariate conditional logistic regression. Multivariate
conditional logistic-regression model was also performed.
The key potential risk factors identified in this model were
local equine density and manure removal frequency. Due to
lack of vaccination against equine influenza; the spread of
disease is favored by high local equine density. Investigating
the index-case it was recorded that infected cases were
imported from Afghanistan. Most of these risk factors
related to biosecurity and management were due to the
low awareness level regarding equine influenza amongst the
respondents. These findings are in line with the results of
many other studies identifying similar risk factors for equine
influenza infection in various countries. Improving protective
and controlling the risk factors identified in the present study
could reduce the spread and future outbreaks of equine
influenza in Pakistan.
e
:dramjadkhan77@gmail.comA matched case-control study of risk factors for equine influenza epidemic 2015-2016 in equine in
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Amjad khan, Muhammad Hassan Mushtaq, Mansur Ud Din Ahmad, Jawad Nazir, Asghar Khan
and
Shahid Hussain Farooqi
University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan