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Virology Research Journal
Volume 1 Issue 4 Vaccines World 2017
Notes:
Page 15
November 09-10, 2017 Vienna, Austria
21st World Congress and Exhibition on
VACCINES, VACCINATION & IMMUNIZATION
Antigen-coupled immune cells serve as antigen-
delivery carriers for cancer vaccine
Chang Qing Xia1, Qunfeng Wu 2, Xiaoli Chang 3, Yixian Guo3 and ChenLiu2
1University of Florida, USA
2Rutgers University, USA
3Xuanwu Hospital - Capital Medical University, China
C ancer immunotherapy has achieved extraordinary
clinical outcomes over the last several years, particularly,
chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy and immune
checkpoint blockade therapy. An additional promising
approach is to develop effective tumor vaccines for cancer
prevention and treatment. The most common vaccine
approach is inoculation of soluble antigens combined with
adjuvants. Although this vaccine approach is most commonly
employed worldwide, it has several disadvantages such as,
a relatively large dose of antigen is required, an adjuvant is
usually required, and only antigen-specific T cells in the
local draining lymph nodes can be activated even if multiple
injection sites are chosen. In this report, we took advantage
of the lymphoid tissue homing property of immune cells to
develop high-efficient antigen-delivery system to stimulate all
antigen-specific T cells in the wisely employed “click”
chemistry method to efficiently couple the antigens to mouse
spleen cells, then intravenously injected those antigen-coupled
spleen cells into recipient mice and potently induced antigen
specific CD4 and CD8 T cell response with heightened IFN-g
producing capability. When we tested tumor antigen-coupled
spleen cells in triggering anti-tumor immunity in melanoma
and hepatocyte cancer mouse models, we found that this
approach induced very strong anti-tumor immunity in both
prophylactic and therapeutic experimental settings, and the
animal survival was significantly improved. Immunological
investigation showed that this approach induced both
enhanced humoral and cellular immunity against tumor.
Recently, we found that antigen-coupled allogeneic spleen cell
injection induced equivalent, if not stronger, antigen-specific
immune responses in contrast to injection of antigen-coupled
syngeneic spleen cells, which could lead to off-the-shelf cell
products for tumor vaccine. Our novel and unique approach
is utilizing the homing nature of immune cells to distribute
tumor antigens throughout the entire immune system and
subsequently elicit strong anti-cancer immunity. Additional
advantages over other vaccine approaches are minimal
number of antigens required (only the antigens coupled to
the cell membrane) and no adjuvant needed. Therefore, our
approach holds high potential for clinical translation just like
blood transfusion but without concerning about red blood
cell type.
Biography
Chang Qing Xia received his MD and PhD degree in China, and have been
working at US for almost two decades. He is currently an Assistant Professor
in the Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine at
University of Florida. His research is focused on dendritic cells and development
of antigen-specific immunotherapies for autoimmune diseases and malignant
tumors.
Chang Qing Xia et al., Virol Res J 2017, 1:4