vaccines-world-2017-scientifictracks-abstracts

14 / 15

alliedacademies
Virology Research Journal
Volume 1 Issue 4 Vaccines World 2017
Notes:
Page 31
November 09-10, 2017 Vienna, Austria
21st World Congress and Exhibition on
VACCINES, VACCINATION & IMMUNIZATION
A live attenuated nasal vaccine against pertussis
Camille Locht
Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille - Institut Pasteur de Lille, France
Pertussis or whooping cough is making a dramatic
comeback in several countries, especially since the switch
from the first-generation whole-cell to the more recent
acellular vaccines. The reasons for this resurgence are still
under debate, but may essentially be due to unexpectedly
fast waning of acellular vaccine-induced immunity and
insufficient effectiveness of these vaccines to protect against
infection by Bordetella pertussis, the principal causative agent
of whooping cough, even though they protect effectively
against pertussis disease. To ultimately control pertussis,
new vaccines are necessary that protect both against the
disease and B. pertussis infection. We have developed a live
attenuated pertussis vaccine that can be administered by the
nasal route. This vaccine, named BPZE1, has been shown
to be safe in pre-clinical animal models, including severely
immunocompromised mice, and to induce strong antibody
and T cell responses. A single nasal dose of BPZE1 was able to
protect mice against challenge with virulent B. pertussis, and
protection was significantly longer lived than that induced by
multiple administrations of acellular vaccines. In non-human
primates, BPZE1was also found tobe safeand toprotect against
disease and infection caused by a highly virulent B. pertussis
clinical isolate. BPZE1 has now successfully completed a
phase I clinical trial in humans and was found to be safe in
adults, to be able to colonize transiently the human respiratory
tract and to induce immune responses in the colonized
individuals. The vaccine is now undergoing further clinical
development. Interestingly, in the course of the preclinical
investigations, unexpected immunomodulatory properties or
BPZE1 were uncovered. Without being immunosuppressive,
BPZE1 appears to be anti-inflammatory and to protect mice
against influenza virus-induced death, against experimental
asthma and against experimental hypersensitivity of the skin,
most probably linked to innate immune responses induced
by the vaccine. Together with the protective effects against B.
pertussis infection, these anti-inflammatory properties make
BPZE1 an interesting tool for the benefit of public health, far
beyond the control of pertussis.
Biography
Camille Locht currently holds a position as Research Director at the French
National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Inserm) and, since 2010, is
the Founding Director of the Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille on the
campus of the Institut Pasteur de Lille in France. He has obtained his PhD at
the Catholic University of Leuven in Belgium in 1984. After 3-years Postdoctoral
stay at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease in the USA,
where he started to work on pertussis and cloned the pertussis toxin genes, he
joined SmithKline – Beecham (now GSK) to help developing acellular pertussis
vaccines. Since 1989 he is the Head of a research laboratory at the Institut
Pasteur de Lille, where he has been the Scientific Director from 2002 to 2013.
His research interest is in molecular pathogenesis of respiratory infections,
essentially pertussis and tuberculosis, with the long-term aim to develop new
tools to combat these diseases. He has authored more than 300 international
publications, book chapters and patents and has obtained several research
awards.
Camille Locht, Virol Res J 2017, 1:4