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September 20-21, 2017 | Philadelphia, USA
Global summit on
TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE
alliedacademies
Int J Respir Med 2017 Volume 2 Issue 2
Several studies have been done in relation to recurrence
of tuberculosis (TB) following completion of treatment.
However, recurrence of TB is still a major problem from a public
health perspective in high-burden countries, where no special
attention is being given to this issue. Disease recurrence is an
important indicatorof theefficacyof antituberculosis treatment.
The rate of recurrence is highly variable and has been estimated
to range from4.9%to 25%. This variability is not only a reflection
of regional epidemiology of recurrence but differences in the
definitions used by the TB control programs. In addition to
treatment failure related to medication adherence, there are
several key host factors that are associated with high rates of
recurrence. The widely recognized host factors independent of
treatment program that predispose to TB recurrence include:
malnutrition; human immunodeficiency virus; substance abuse
including tobacco use; comorbidity such as diabetes, renal
failure and systemic diseases, especially immunosuppressive
states; and environmental exposure such as silicosis. With
improved understanding of the human genome, proteome, and
metabolome, additional host-specific factors that predispose to
recurrence are being discovered. Information on temporal and
geographical trends of TB cases as well as genotyping might
provide further information to enable us to fully understand
TB recurrence and discriminate between reactivation and new
infection. The recently launched World Health Organization
End TB Strategy emphasizes the importance of integrated,
patient-centered TB care. Continued improvement in diagnosis,
treatment approaches, and defining host-specific factors are
needed to fully understand the clinical epidemiological and
social determinants of TB recurrence.
Speaker Biography
Ruxana T Sadikot is a Professor of Medicine at the Emory University in Atlanta and
serves as the Section Chief of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine at the Atlanta
VA Medical Center. Her research career has focused on defining the lung immune re-
sponse and mechanism of lung injury. In particular her research is focused on defining
the role of transcription factors, lipid mediators (prostaglandins) and super immuno-
globulin receptor TREM-1 in macrophages in resistant infections. Her clinical research
focus is bronchiectasis and infections including tuberculous and non-tuberculous my-
cobacteria and P. aeruginosa. She has published extensively on these topics in high
impact peer reviewed journals and book chapters. She serves on the Editorial Board
Member of Clinical Respiratory Medicine, Biomedical Research International and An-
nals of American Thoracic Society. She has mentored several graduate students, resi-
dents, post-doctoral fellows and junior faculty through her career.
e:
Ruxana T Sadikot
Emory University, USA
Identifying patients at high risk of tuberculosis recurrence