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Journal of Agricultural Science and Botany | Volume: 2
November 15-16, 2018 | Paris, France
Plant Science
Natural Products,Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicines
International Conference on
Joint Event
&
When “Survival of the fittest” is well recognized as the
key step of natural selection in evolution, the origin of
genetic variation was not well understood. One of the most
powerful generators of genetic variation is irradiation. Once the
useful mutant is identified, new plant varieties can be readily
developed via mutation breeding. New insight into induced
mutation reveals patterns of natural genetic variation that
were once lost. Understanding how irradiation copies natural
genetic variation will pave ways to restore and broaden genetic
variation.
Next-generation sequencing revealed irradiation affects
genome stability and generates a high density of single
nucleotide variation (SNV) of which over 80% was duplicated
with spontaneous variation. By forward and reverse screening,
valuable gain/lost-of-function mutants can be isolated,
characterized and sequenced for functional analysis. Most of
these selected mutants carried genomic changes and SNVs
in duplication with those rare natural genetic variations.
The hallmark is that, unlike non-functional mutations, all
functional mutations are outcomes of unknown, non-random
processes. It is possible that with intensive selection against
instable genomic changes generated by irradiation rare genetic
recombination may be fully enhanced by enabling “Survival
of the fittest”. Understanding how irradiation generation new
genetic variation is the key to direct gene evolution towards
more effective molecular breeding for cope with imminent
climate changes.
Speaker Biography
Apichart Vanavichit has a . in plant breeding and a Ph.D. in crop science. He
was the lead Thai scientist in the team that sequenced the rice genome (IRGSP) with
9 other nations, and furthermore he established the Rice Gene Discovery and Rice
Science Center to facilitate rice molecular breeding in Thailand. His centers have led in
the discovery of genes for 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (aromatic gene), Sub1C (flash flooding
tolerance), Fe-toxic tolerance, waxy, and terpene synthase (brown planthopper
resistance). Significant outcomes from his centers have established a high-through-put
platform for breeding-by-pyramiding MAS to improve Thai Jasmine and low GI rice to
withstand flash flooding, drought, heat, salinity, diseases and insects problems. He
has pioneered a new research frontier in rice; by using fast neutron bombardment
to understand how genetic variation can be induced leading to the discovery of
undiscovered or novel gene functions. He is also a leader in the molecular breeding
of environmentally friendly rice. His high nutrition rice which has enriched grain iron
levels, a high level of antioxidants and a low glycemic index has become a new national
product
e:
Apichart Vanavichit
Kasetsart University, Thailand
New insight into the induced mutation and the origin of genetic variation
Apichart Vanavichit, Plant science & Natural Medicine 2018, Volume 2
DOI: 10.4066/2591-7897-C1-001