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December 05-06, 2019 | Dubai, UAE

29

th

International Conference on

14

th

International Conference on

Nursing Education and Research

Cancer and Cancer Therapy

Joint Event

&

Journal of Intensive and Critical Care Nursing | Volume 2

Adherence to universal precautions and its associated factors among nurses caring for

critically ill patients in Dar es salaam, Tanzania

Salima Abdallah Wibonela, Ally Mwanga, Columba Mbekenga, Fatina Bororo

and

Pedro Pallangyo

Jakaya Mrisho Cardiac Institute, Tanzania

Background:

Globally, Healthcare workers particularly those

working in critical care settings are at high risk of occupational

exposure to infections. Owing to the severe consequences

of blood-borne infections, surveillance systems to monitor

exposure to body fluids in health-care settings have been

established in the developed world. In contrast, such systems

are not available and consequently, exposure to body fluids is

rarely reported, documented and monitored in many African

countries.

Objective:

We aimed to assess adherence to Universal

Precautions and its associated factors among nurses caring

for critically ill patients in Dar es Salaam.

Methodology:

A quantitative cross sectional study was

conducted in Critical care settings of Muhimbili National

Hospital (MNH) and Muhimbili Orthopaedic Institute (MOI)

among nurses. Data was collected through direct observation

and self-administered questionnaire. Knowledge, practice and

factors affecting adherence to Universal Precautions were

assessed. Continuous and categorical variables were compared

using the student T-test and chi-square analyses respectively.

Results:

A total of 144 nurses were enrolled in this study.

All participants were assessed using questionnaire and

observation was conducted in only 42 (29.2%) of participants.

The mean age of the participants was 35.7 years and 84%

were females. 81(56.3%) of participants had attained a

diploma level of education. 55(38%) were found to have good

knowledge of universal precautions. 123(85.5%) reported

they always wash hands, however, just 28.9% of participants

were observed to wash hands before putting on gloves.

94.4% reported they always use gloves, 67.4% reported they

always wear a gown and 55.6% reported that they always

wear a mask. Regarding sharps management 135(93.8%)

reported good practice and among the observed participants

40/42(95.2%) demonstrated good sharps management

practice.

Conclusions:

Adherence to Universal precautions amongst

nurses in Tanzania’s major hospital is variably poor. It is crucial

to establish surveillance systems tomonitor exposure to body

fluids in this set-up.

Speaker Biography

Salima Abdallah Wibonela is a working as a critical care nursing officer in

cardiac ICU at Jakaya Kikwete Cardiac Institute, Dar es salaam,Tanzania.

She has experience in working in research institution, clinical practice,

administration and teaching. 2013 to 2015 she attained knowledge and

skills in research methodology at Muhimbili University of Health and Allied

Sciences. She is now a researcher among other Tanzanian nurses through

her on-going research activities.

e:

salmawibonela@gmail.com

J Intensive Crit Care Nurs | Volume 2