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Journal of Food Science and Nutrition | Volume 2
December 09-10, 2019 | Dubai, UAE
Nutrition, Food Science and Technology
8
th
International Conference on
J Food Sci Nutr, Volume:2
Behavioral and Brain mechanisms underlying sleep disruption-induced Obesity
Jennifer A Teske
University of Minnesota, USA
O
besity and inadequate sleep are public health problems
that increase risk for chronic disease. Inadequate
sleep has emerged as a key contributor to obesity. Thus,
obesity interventions aimed at improving sleep in parallel to
reducing calorie intake and or increasing energy expenditure
(EE) may be more effective at mitigating obesity than
interventions that do not address sleep loss. Understanding
brain mechanisms that promote positive energy balance
through modulation of sleep, energy intake and expenditure
may also lead to novel targets for obesity interventions.
We developed a rodent model of sleep disruption-induced
obesity inmale and female rats that is ideal for testing obesity
treatments and identifying brain mechanisms underlying
sleep disruption induced weight gain. In this model, we show
that exposure to pre-recorded environmental noise causes
weight gain and hyperphagia in noise-exposed rats relative
to rats that slept undisturbed independent of sex and weight
gain was exacerbated among rats when sleep disruption
was combined with access to a palatable cafeteria-style diet.
Moreover, weight gain in response to sleep disruption alone
was paralleled by reductions in physical activity and EE. Next,
we investigated whether low brain orexin signaling in the
ventrolateral preoptic area (VLPO), a known sleep center in
the brain, contributed to weight gain due to inadequate sleep
by reducing total EE and physical activity since elevated orexin
signaling promotes negative energy balance. In contrast to
the response to orexin infusion in the VLPO before sleep
disruption, orexin in the VLPO was ineffective after chronic
sleep disruption. These data suggest that sleep loss may
reduce orexin signaling in the VLPO to in turn stimulateweight
gain in response to sleep disruption by reducing physical
activity and the rate of energy expended during physical
activity. These data have implications for reversing treating
individuals who are have obesity and are sleep deprived.
e
:
teskeja@email.arizona.edu