eye-care-public-health-congress-2018-keynote

4 / 4

S e p t e m b e r 0 3 - 0 4 , 2 0 1 8 | L i s b o n , P o r t u g a l
Eye Care 2018 & Public Health Congress 2018
Page 32
alliedacademies
PUBLIC HEALTH, EPIDEMIOLOGY AND NUTRITION
OCULAR PHARMACOLOGY AND EYE CARE
&
World Congress on
19th International Conference on
Joint Event on
Archives of General Internal Medicine | ISSN: 2591-7951 | Volume 2
John L Barbur, Arch Gen Intern Med 2018, Volume 2 | DOI: 10.4066/2591-7951-C4-010
COLOUR VISION IN NORMAL AGING,
CONGENITAL DEFICIENCY AND RETINAL
DISEASE
Significant advances in our understanding of the genetics of colour vision
make it possible to account for a great deal of the observed variability in
both ‘normal’ trichromatic colour vision and in congenital colour deficiency.
Recent developments in colour assessment techniques yield reduced
within subject variability and hence more accurate assessment of both red/
green (RG) and yellow/blue (YB) loss of chromatic sensitivity with reliable
classification of the subject’s class of colour vision (i.e., normal trichromatic
colour vision, deutan-, protan- or tritan-like and acquired deficiency). Colour
assessment is now easier to carry out and the severity of colour deficiency
can also be quantified more accurately with reliable separation of RG and YB
loss leading to clear distinction between congenital and acquired loss. A third
element that has contributed to the recent flurry of interest in colour vision
is the availability of reliable data that describe the effect of normal aging on
RG and YB chromatic sensitivity. Such advances have made colour vision
assessment more attractive as a diagnostic tool for early detection of diseases
of the retina such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and glaucoma
and systemic diseases that can also affect visual function such as diabetes.
In this lecture I propose to review the outcome of conventional tests of colour
vision and to present data obtained on the CAD test that describe the variability
observed within normal trichromats and in subjects with congenital deficiency.
This improved understanding has had significant effects on colour assessment
and the establishment of minimum colour vision requirements within visually-
demanding occupational environments. Studies that led to colour vision
changes as a result of normal ageing and the application of these to early
detection of acquired loss of chromatic sensitivity will be discussed. Finally,
results of extensive, clinical studies designed to detect the earliest changes in
colour vision in diabetes, glaucoma and AMD will also be presented.
Recent publications:
1. Neitz J and Neitz M The genetics of normal and defective color vision.
Vision Res. 2011. 51(7):633-651.
2. Neitz M and Neitz J (2000) Molecular genetics of color vision and color
vision defects. Arch. Ophthalmol. 118(5):691- 700.
3. Barbur J L and Connolly DM (2011) Effects of hypoxia on color vision with
amphasis on the mesopic range. Expert Rev. Ophthalmol. 6(4):409-420.
4. Paramei G V and Oakley B (2014) Variation of color discrimination across
the life span. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A Opt. Image Sci. Vis. 31(4):A375-A384.
5. Barbur J L and Rodriguez Carmona M (2015) Color vision changes in
normal aging, in Handbook of Color Psychology. Cambridge University
Press: Cambridge. 180-196. ISBN 9781107043237.
Biography
John Barbur is Professor of Optics & Visual Sci-
ence and Director of the Applied Vision Research
Centre at City University London. John trained at
Imperial College where he studied Physics, Ap-
plied Optics and Vision Science. John’s research
interests cover both fundamental studies of vi-
sual mechanisms as well as applied and clinical
research. He has pursued the development of
research instrumentation and new measurement
techniques and this has resulted in new methods
and instrumentation for analysis of pupil response
components, spatial vision and chromatic sensitiv-
ity and the measurement of scattered light in the
eye. Prof Barbur has been closely involved with
the activities of the Applied Vision Association,
the Colour Group of Great Britain, the Internation-
al Colour Vision Society. Studies carried out over
several years by Prof Barbur and his colleagues
at City University London formed the basis for the
formation of the Applied Vision Research Centre in
1986. Several students, with both clinical and ba-
sic science backgrounds have been trained in Prof
Barbur’s laboratory over 30 years and have found
employment in industry, hospitals and universities.
Professor Barbur is a Fulbright Scholar and spent
time as Visiting Professor at the Center for Visual
Science at the University of Rochester, N.Y. where
he worked on colour vision, visual performance in
the mesopic range and adaptive optics.
John L Barbur
University of London, UK