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J u n e 2 8 - 2 9 , 2 0 1 8 | A m s t e r d a m , N e t h e r l a n d s

Joint Event on

OBESITY AND WEIGHT MANAGEMENT

VACCINES AND IMMUNOLOGY

International Conference on

Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

Volume 8

ISSN:

2249-622X

CHALLENGES AND OPTIONS FOR DEVELOPING LEPTOSPIROSIS

VACCINE EFFECTIVENESS IN NIGERIA

Jolade A A Sansi

Nigeria

eports of leptospirosis in Nigeria as a very important but neglected re-emerging infectious disease of humans, livestock and

companion animals have been documented. Cattle, rodents and a host of other wildlife have been documented as reservoir

hosts to leptospires. In Nigeria, tentative diagnosis is often based on clinical signs, many of which are common to some febrile

conditions such as babesiosis in animals, malaria and typhoid fever in humans. It is detrimental to the livestock industry because

it causes abortions, stillbirths, infertility, reduction in milk production and death. In companion animals, it affects the renal, hepatic,

respiratory and vascular systems causing high morbidity and death. It has high public health importance because it is transmissible

to man, causing multisystem febrile illness, with hepatic, renal and pulmonary involvement leading to high mortality. Early and rapid

diagnosis of leptospirosis is not readily available in Nigeria. For this reason, prevention of the disease is necessary. However, this

organism has about 250 serovars, 25 serogroups and 13 pathogenic species seven of which are topmost in the list of causes of

human and animal leptospirosis. The review showed that little work has been done to isolate and identify locally circulating serovars

in both human and animal populations and that bacterins imported for use in dogs have been described to have limited success.

The review also inferred that innovative development of appropriate vaccines in form of oral, multivalent and DIVA vaccines for the

prevention of the infection and carrier status in human and animal populations in Nigeria is necessary.

Asian J Biomed Pharmaceut Sci 2018, Volume 8 | DOI: 10.4066/2249-622X-C1-003