Journal of Gastroenterology and Digestive Diseases

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Gastrointestinal Functions

The digestive system involves of two parts, the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the major digestive accessory glands, which involve the liver and pancreas. This review will only focus on the control systems that control the various functions of the gastrointestinal tract. The gastrointestinal tract is a tube-like structure which expands from the mouth to the anus. Histologically, the gut consists of four main layers: the mucosa, which comprises epithelial cells (enterocytes, endocrine cells and others), the lamina propria and the muscularis mucosae; the submucosa; two muscle layers, an inner thick circular layer and an outer thin longitudinal layer; and a serosal layer. The dynamic lifestyles of the everchanging human race have made them susceptible to an array of gastrointestinal conditions that have taken a rising toll due to the complex and hazardous dietary habits and improved levels of toxins and chemicals in our daily lifestyles. The theory of a balanced diet which involves the right amount of nutrients required for the healthy functioning of the body has developed just a concept and has led to a depleting scenario

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