Biomedical Research

Utilization of seafood waste for potential biomedical applications

Joint Event on International Conference on Robotics and Automation & Biomaterials and Nanomaterials
October 22-23, 2018 | Frankfurt, Germany

Jayashree Chakravarty

University of Massachusetts, USA

Posters & Accepted Abstracts : Biomed Res

DOI: 10.4066/biomedicalresearch-C6-017

Abstract:

Lobster shell waste was used as the source of raw material to produce chitin using biological treatment, which included the use of co-cultures with a protease-producing bacterium, either Bacillus megaterium NH21 or Serratia marcescens db11, and an organic acid-producing bacterium Lactobacillus plantarum. The optimal culture conditions, including cocultivation strategies and glucose concentrations, were identified to improve the efficiency of deproteinization and demineralization of lobster shells. The lobster shells were also treated chemically for chitin extraction as comparison to the bio-based treatments. Overall, the successive treatment with a combination of S. marcescens db11 and L. plantarum yielded the best co-removal of CaCO3 and proteins from lobster shell biomass, with total deproteinization of 87.19% and total demineralization of 89.59%. Chitin membranes were successfully prepared by dissolution of this microbiallyextracted chitin in ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate. The resulting materials were thoroughly characterized, revealing that freeze-drying produced chitin membranes that were highly porous. The drying methods and the concentration of chitin used defined many of the membrane properties, such as mechanical strength, porosity, and water absorbency. A mathematical model was developed to correlate and predict different polymer properties like tensile strength, which would lead to the ability to tune the properties of the biomaterial. Rayleigh’s method is often used to develop an expression in the form of an exponential equation to show the functional relationship for a variable that depends on other independent variables. These chitin membranes could potentially be used for biomedical applications such as wound-dressing materials and scaffolds in tissue engineering. The results from the proof-ofconcept study described here suggest that microbial treatment may be an environmentally friendly alternative to the chemical method of chitin extraction. This study provides a starting point for the design and fabrication of a family of polysaccharidebased sustainable materials with potentially broad applicability.

Biography:

E-mail: jayachakravarty91@gmail.com

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