PERSPECTIVES OF NANO-INTERVENTIONS IN EARLY DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF ALZHEIMERS DISEAS
Joint Event on International Conference on NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS & International Conference on PSYCHIATRY AND PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS
June 28-29 , 2018 | Dublin , Ireland
Jerzy Leszek
Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
Posters & Accepted Abstracts : J Neurol Neurorehabil Res
Abstract:
The lack of effective treatment for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) stems mainly from the incomplete understanding of AD causes. Currently there are several hypotheses which try to explain the early molecular mechanisms of AD pathogenesis. The current pathophysiologic approach is based on several common mechanisms of neurodegeneration, including accumulation of abnormal proteins tau and ABeta), mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, impaired insulin signaling, calcium homeostasis dysregulation, imbalance of neurotransmitters, early synaptic disconnection and late apoptotic cell death. Considering that AD is a multi-factorial disease with several pathogenic mechanisms and pathways, a multifunctional nanotechnology approach may be needed to target its main molecular culprits. There are still no effective treatments to prevent, halt or reserve AD. To very early diagnosis of AD we need to have affordable, ultrasensitive and selective molecular detection methods. Nanomedicine as a biomedical and pharmaceutical application of nanotechnology for making Nano carriers for instance dendrimers has shown great potential not only for diagnosis but the treatment of many CNS diseases such AD. Ultra-low concentrations of protein biomarkers (eg.ADDL-amyloid-Beta-derived diffusible ligands) which have been implicated in the pathogenesis of AD, is possible to detect, owing to carrier dendrimers. Dendrimers are polymeric molecules chemically synthesized with well-defined shape size and nanoscopic physicochemical properties reminiscent of proteins. Recently an increasing number of studies have been focused on the potential dendrimers to prevent aggregation and fibrillation of proteins involved in neurodegenerative disorders such as AD. Some of dendrimers were demonstrated to cross blood-brain barrier, which legitimized research on these compounds as potential drugs for neurological disorders. Recent our studies have revealed that dendrimers possess the intrinsic ability to localize in cells associated with neuroinflammation (activated microglia and astrocytes) and thus can be used in neuroinflammation therapy. Above/ mentioned findings may be significance in the context of potential application of dendrimers as drug carriers or active compounds per se. According to opinion the authors of this presentation, they are promising macromolecules for further investigations on their applicable in neurodegenerative disorders, for instance AD.
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