+1 (438) 806-1701Effect of domestic processing methods on all trans and cis isomers of beta carotene retention in green leafy vegetables
15th World Congress on Advances in Nutrition, Food Science & Technology
September 11-12, 2017 Edinburgh, Scotland
Sreenivasa Rao Jarapala and Bhaskarachary Kandlakunta
National Institute of Nutrition, India
Scientific Tracks Abstracts : Insights Nutr Metab
Abstract:
Green leafy vegetables (GLVs) are pigment-rich and nutritionally relevant functional food sources with unique phytochemical constitution that includes carotenoids. Carotenoids and their geometric isomers protect cells from oxidation and cellular damages. Cooking processes that involve factors such as temperature, light and alteration in moisture content generally promote either isomerization (trans to cis form) or oxidative degradation of carotenoids to epoxides. Studies pertaining to the effect of cooking methods on dietary carotenoids and their geometric isomers are inadequate in Indian foods. The extent of carotenoid isomeration were evaluated in GLVs such as amaranth (Amaranthus gangeticus), spinach (Spinacia oleracea) and curry leaves (Murraya koenigii) subjected to domestic cooking methods of microwave, sautéing, pressure cooking and deep frying in oil for time durations of 8 and 12 minutes, either with and without lid covering. The isomers of carotenoids were quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using vydac column (RP-C-18) with 100% methanol for first 5 minutes and methanol: chloroform (96:4) for the subsequent run as gradient mobile phase. β-carotene content in amaranth ranged from 5525 to 6375 µg/100g upon boiling without tran’s lid and microwave cooking. 9-cis isomer of beta carotene is the predominant geometric isomer formed during cooking in all the GLV studied (Amaranth: 423 to 620, Spinach: 377 to 443, Curry leaves: 562 to 687 µg/100g). 13 cis isomers also formed in the processed GLV samples (22 to 375 µg/100g). 15 cis beta carotenes were observed in few food samples during processing and not observed in some of the methods which processed. The retention percentage of all trans and cis beta carotene was also studied. These isomers of beta carotenes were also for the precursors of Vitamin A. The changes in the contents of trans and cis isomers of carotenes in GLVs in correlation to various cooking methods are discussed which would be valuable for food researchers, nutritionists and health practitioners in promoting nutritionally balanced diets and minimize vitamin A deficiency in Indian contest.
Biography:
Sreenivasa Rao Jarapala has his expertise in nutrition and micronutrient evaluation studies from foods and indigenous food samples and passion in improving the retention of micronutrients using processing methods towards the health and wellbeing. He is working on plant secondary metabolites and bio conversion of beta carotene to vitamin A in plant foods. He has published his research contributions in elsewhere journals. He is having two decades of experience in nutrition research and teaching in institution. His research contributions on micronutrients retention studies may help to prevent the vitamin A deficiencies in developing world. He received young scientist award (Sagarmal goenka) in 2012 and best research paper award in nutrition research from USA in 2016. Presently he is working on tribal indigenous foods, plant secondary metabolites and heavy metals in Indian foods. His core area of research is carotenoids bio accessibility and bioconversion to vitamin A and nutrient retention in foods. He is a Life Member of NSI, SBCI, IDA, IIIS and several other nutrition relevant research bodies
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