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Artificial intelligence and machine learning technology for early non-invasive detection of Coronary Artery Disease
Joint Event on 10th WORLD HEART CONGRESS & 6th International Congress on CARDIOLOGY AND CARDIAC SURGERY
December 02-03, Dubai, UAE
Kayapanda Mandana
Fortis Hospitals, India
Keynote : Curr Trend Cardiol
Abstract:
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a leading cause of
death globally. The proven Gold standard to diagnose
CAD is an invasive procedure, leading to Coronary
Angiography. However, all physiological manifestations
of CAD either appear late in the Time- Curve or are nonspecific
surrogate markers.
Affordable non-invasive solutions for health monitoring
have become an important area of research. With the
advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI), there has been newer
multi-modal non-invasive sensing and analysis. We started
with Fuzzy expert system approach for CAD screening
using clinical parameters. Following this we screened
CAD patients and recorded their Phonocardiogram
(PCG) signals along with simultaneously recording of
Photoplethysmogram (PCG). Important information
regarding heart sounds generated by early CAD is typically
confined within 150 Hz. Following this we proposed a new
multi-channel PCG -based system to classify CAD affected
individuals and normal individuals. We simultaneously
acquired PCG signals produced by weak CAD murmurs
from four different auscultation sites. The two-class
classification is done in a machine learning framework by
employing an artificial neural network (ANN) classifier.
A Multi-modal approach for Early Non-invasive detection
of CAD is being proposed here using various Machine
learning techniques tested in a tertiary care Hospital,
wherein patients with various degree of CAD and age
matched normal individuals were studied.
In first stage, a hierarchical rule-engine identifies the high
cardiac risk population using patient demography and
Medical history, who are then further analysed in second
stage using numeric features from Various Cardiovascular
Signals. These numeric features were simultaneously
extracted from the CAD predicted subjects from Single lead
ECG, PCG and PPG.
Results in these 160 subjects (CAD 80 and Normal 80), show
that the proposed approach achieves sensitivity=0.96 and
Specificity=0.91 in classifying CAD patients on an in-house
hospital dataset, recorded using commercially available
sensors.
Performance of the existing CAD classifiers, available
in literature is often compromised due to inconsistent
manifestation of discriminating patterns in a single
cardiovascular signal. Our study shows that the
performance can be significantly improved if multiple
CAD markers are effectively combined using Domain
knowledge.
Biography:
Kayapanda Mandana is at present Director of Cardiac Surgery at Fortis Hospitals in Kolkata, India. He has been a Consultant Cardiac Surgeon for over 30 years and has keen interest in Cardiovascular research, especially Coronary Artery Disease. He had his formal Cardiac surgery training at Mahe University, Manipal, in south India and then went on to work at University Hospital of Wales, in Cardiff, UK. At present he has been a Research Advisor for TCS (Tata consultancy services), in Eastern India and Advisor /Principal Investigator in the Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India. He has over 25 international published articles on this subject. (CAD, Early detection). He has been a member of various societies (STS in UK, IACTS in India and FETCS: Fellow- European Board of cardio thoracic surgeons).
E-mail: kmmandana@gmail.com
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