Journal of Pregnancy and Neonatal Medicine

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Mini Review - Journal of Pregnancy and Neonatal Medicine (2023) Volume 7, Issue 5

Viral threats to newborns: Neonatal infections in the modern age.

Bassel Dawod *

Unit of Paediatric Surgery, Department of Human Pathology, Algeria

*Corresponding Author:
Bassel Dawod
Unit of Paediatric Surgery, Department of Human Pathology, Algeria
E-mail: basseldawod88@algeria.com

Received: 29-Sept-2023, Manuscript No. AAPNM-23-115942; Editor assigned: 30-Sept-2023, PreQC No. AAPNM-23-115942; Reviewed: 14-Oct-2023, QC No. AAPNM-23-115942; Revised: 19-Oct-2023, Manuscript No. AAPNM-23-115942(R); Published: 26-Oct-2023, DOI:10.35841/aapnm -7.5.169

Citation: : Dawod B. Viral threats to newborns: Neonatal infections in the modern age. J Preg Neonatal Med. 2023;7(5):169

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Introduction

The birth of a child is a time of joy and celebration, but it also marks the beginning of a vulnerable phase in a newborn's life. Neonatal infections, particularly those caused by viruses, pose a significant threat to the health and well-being of infants. In the modern age, while advancements in medicine have improved neonatal care, new challenges have emerged as well. This article explores some of the viral threats to newborns in the contemporary world and how healthcare professionals are working to combat them [1].

HSV is a herpesvirus that can cause severe infections in newborns. Neonatal HSV infection can be acquired during childbirth if the mother has an active genital herpes outbreak. Identification: Symptoms of neonatal HSV infection may include skin lesions, fever, poor feeding, irritability, and seizures. These symptoms can mimic other neonatal infections, making diagnosis challenging. Management: Early diagnosis and prompt treatment with antiviral medications are crucial for managing neonatal HSV infections. Cesarean section delivery is recommended for mothers with active genital herpes lesions to reduce the risk of transmission [2].

HIV can be transmitted from mother to child during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding. Without intervention, the risk of vertical transmission is significant. Identification: HIV infection in newborns may not present with symptoms initially. However, without treatment, it can progress to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Management: Prevention of mother-to-child transmission is a primary focus in managing neonatal HIV infection. This involves antiretroviral therapy for the pregnant mother, elective cesarean section, and avoiding breastfeeding [3].

RSV is a common respiratory virus that can cause severe lower respiratory tract infections in newborns, especially those born prematurely. Identification: RSV infection in newborns may lead to symptoms like rapid breathing, wheezing, coughing, and difficulty feeding. Severe cases can result in pneumonia and bronchiolitis. Management: There is no specific antiviral treatment for RSV, so supportive care is essential. Some infants at high risk may receive palivizumab, a monoclonal antibody, for RSV prophylaxis [4].

CMV is a common herpesvirus that can be transmitted from mother to child through breastfeeding and during childbirth. While most CMV infections are asymptomatic, it can cause severe disease in some newborns. Identification: CMV infection in newborns may present with symptoms such as jaundice, hepatomegaly (enlarged liver), and thrombocytopenia (low platelet count). Management: There is no specific antiviral treatment for CMV, and most cases do not require intervention. However, for severely affected newborns, antiviral therapy may be considered [5].

conclusion

Viral infections continue to pose a substantial threat to newborns in the modern age. Healthcare providers, parents, and society at large must remain vigilant in implementing preventive measures, providing education, and ensuring early diagnosis and appropriate management. By addressing these viral threats comprehensively, we can better protect the most vulnerable members of our society and give them the best chance at a healthy start in life.

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