The Cognitive Neuroscience Journal

All submissions of the EM system will be redirected to Online Manuscript Submission System. Authors are requested to submit articles directly to Online Manuscript Submission System of respective journal.
Reach Us +1 (202) 780-3397

Mini Review - The Cognitive Neuroscience Journal (2023) Volume 6, Issue 2

Unravelling the Complexity of Neuromuscular Disorders and its Symptoms.

Margherita Milone*

Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA.

*Corresponding Author:
Margherita Milone
Department of Neurology
Mayo Clinic, Rochester
USA
E-mail: milone.margherita@mayo.edu

Received:26-Mar-2023,Manuscript No. AACNJ-23-94299; Editor assigned:31-Mar-2023,PreQC No. AACNJ-23-94299(PQ); Reviewed:14-Apr-2023,QC No. AACNJ-23-94299; Revised:18-Apr-2023, Manuscript No. AACNJ-23-94299(R); Published:25-Apr-2023,DOI:10.35841/aacnj-6.2.137

Citation: Milone M. Unravelling the complexity of neuromuscular disorders and its symptoms. J Cogn Neurosci.2023;6(2):137

Visit for more related articles at The Cognitive Neuroscience Journal

Introduction

These disorders can cause weakness, numbness, tingling, and other symptoms that can have a significant impact on a person's daily life. There are many different types of neuromuscular disorders, each with its own unique set of symptoms, causes, and treatments. Neuromuscular disorders can have a profound impact on a person's quality of life. They can cause physical limitations, emotional distress, and financial burdens. Treatment options vary depending on the specific disorder and the severity of symptoms[1].

Muscular dystrophy

This is a group of genetic disorders that cause muscle weakness and wasting. There are many types of muscular dystrophy, including muscular dystrophy, Becker muscular dystrophy, and limb-girdle muscular dystrophy. These disorders are caused by mutations in the genes that produce the proteins needed for muscle function. [2].

Spinal muscular atrophy

This is a genetic disorder that affects the nerve cells that control muscle movement. It causes muscle weakness and can lead to difficulty in breathing and swallowing. There are four types of spinal muscular atrophy, with type 1 being the most severe [3].

Charcot-marie-tooth disease

This is a group of genetic disorders that affect the nerves in the arms and legs. It causes muscle weakness and can lead to foot deformities and difficulty in walking

Myasthenia gravis

This is an autoimmune disorder that affects the connection between nerves and muscles. It causes muscle weakness that worsens with activity and improves with rest. This disorder can affect any muscle, but it most commonly affects themuscles that control eye movements, facial expressions, and swallowing. [4].

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects the nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord that control muscle movement. It causes muscle weakness and can lead to paralysis and difficulty in breathing and swallowing. ALS is also known as Lou Gehrig's disease. Neuromuscular disorders can be diagnosed through a variety of tests, including Electro Myo Graphy (EMG), nerve conduction studies, muscle biopsies, and genetic testing. Treatment options for neuromuscular disorders depend on the specific disorder and the severity of symptoms. Some treatment options include physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy, medications, and surgery. Research is ongoing to find new treatments for neuromuscular disorders. Gene therapy, stem cell therapy, and other innovative approaches are being explored to treat these disorders and potentially cure them [5].

Conclusion

Neuromuscular disorders are a group of conditions that affect the nervous system and the muscles. These disorders can cause muscle weakness, muscle wasting, difficulty in movement, and sometimes paralysis. There are many types of neuromuscular disorders, including muscular dystrophy, spinal muscular atrophy, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, myasthenia gravis, and ALS. These disorders can be diagnosed through a variety of tests, and treatment options depend on the specific disorder and the severity of symptoms. Research is ongoing to find new treatments and potentially cure these disorders.

 

References

  1. Bressan RA, Crippa JA.The role of dopamine in reward and pleasure behaviour–review of data from preclinical research.2005 ;111:14-21.

    2. Indexed at, Google Scholar, Cross Ref

  2. DiLeone RJ, Taylor JR, Picciotto MR.The drive to eat: comparisons and distinctions between mechanisms of food reward and drug addiction. Nat Neuro Sci. 2012 ;15(10):1330-5.

    3. Indexed at, Google Scholar, Cross Ref

  3. Koob GF.A role for brain stress systems in addiction.Neuron. 2008;59(1):11-34.

    4. Indexed at, Google Scholar,Cross Ref

  4. Elman I, Borsook D, Volkow ND.Pain and suicidality: insights from reward and addiction neuroscience. Prog Neuro Bio. 2013;109:1-27.

    5. Indexed at, Google ScholarCross Ref

  5. Narayanan NS, Guarnieri DJ, DiLeone RJ.Metabolic hormones, dopamine circuits, and feeding. Progress in Neurobiology. 2010;31(1):104-12.

    6. Indexed at, Google Scholar, Cross Ref

Get the App