Journal of Cancer Immunology & Therapy

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Mini Review - Journal of Cancer Immunology & Therapy (2023) Volume 6, Issue 4

Role of cytokines in Cryotherapy: Cancer Immunity

Jia lian *

Department of Immunology

*Corresponding Author:
Jia lian
Department of Immunology
University of Toronto
Canada
E-mail: marcus.buechler@uhn.ca

Received:27-Jul-2023,Manuscript No. AAJCIT-23-109848; Editor assigned: 31-Jul-2023,, PreQC No. AAJCIT-23-109848 (PQ); Reviewed:14-Aug -2023, QC No. AAJCIT-23-109848; Revised:21-Aug -2023, Manuscript No. AAJCIT-23-109848 (R); Published:28-Aug -2023, DOI: 10.35841/aajcit- 6.4.157

Citation: Buechler M, Role of cytokines in cryotherapy: cancer immunity. J Cancer Immunol Ther. 2023; 6(4):157. J Cancer Immunol Ther. 2023; 6(4):156

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Abstract

  

Introduction

In the relentless pursuit of effective cancer treatments, the field of cancer immunology and therapy has emerged as a beacon of hope. Harnessing the power of the immune system to combat cancer has proven to be a revolutionary approach, paving the way for innovative treatments that offer greater precision and fewer side effects than conventional therapies. One such promising avenue is cryotherapy, an emerging technique that holds the potential to enhance the body's immune response against cancer cells. Cancer, a complex and devastating disease, has long challenged the medical community. Despite significant strides in conventional therapies like surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation, their limitations in eradicating tumors entirely and their adverse effects have spurred the quest for novel, more effective treatment strategies. This has led to the advent of immunotherapy, an approach that leverages the body's immune system to identify and eliminate cancer cells selectively [1].

Immunotherapy encompasses various techniques, including checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive T-cell therapy, and cancer vaccines, which have shown remarkable success in some cases. However, not all patients respond to these therapies, and resistance mechanisms can still hamper their efficacy. To address these challenges, scientists have been exploring the integration of cryotherapy into cancer immunotherapy protocols. Cryotherapy, also known as cryoablation or cryosurgery, has been utilized for decades in various medical applications, including dermatology, cardiology, and liver disease. The technique involves freezing cells and tissues using extremely cold temperatures, typically achieved by liquid nitrogen or argon gas. The application of cryotherapy in cancer treatment is a relatively recent development, but it has garnered attention due to its potential to enhance the immune response against tumors [2].

When cryotherapy is applied to a tumor, the freezing temperatures cause cell death, leading to the release of tumor antigens and danger signals. These signals act as alarm bells, alerting the immune system to the presence of cancerous cells. Subsequently, the immune system is prompted to recognize these antigens as foreign invaders and mount a targeted attack against not only the treated tumor but also other tumor sites in the body—a phenomenon known as the abscopal effect. Furthermore, cryotherapy can create a pro-inflammatory environment at the tumor site, attracting immune cells and cytokines that stimulate the immune response. This local immune activation can potentially lead to a systemic immune response, priming the immune system to recognize and destroy cancer cells throughout the body, even those that are distant from the original tumor site [3].

Combining cryotherapy with immunotherapy approaches, such as checkpoint inhibitors or adoptive T-cell therapy, has shown promising results in preclinical studies and early-phase clinical trials. The immune-stimulating effects of cryotherapy complement the action of immunotherapies, enhancing their ability to target cancer cells and overcome immunosuppressive mechanisms that tumors employ to evade immune detection [4].

As research in the field of cancer immunology and therapy advances, optimizing cryotherapy's integration into comprehensive treatment regimens becomes imperative. Identifying biomarkers that can predict patient response to cryotherapy and elucidating the mechanisms behind the abscopal effect are crucial research areas. Additionally, exploring the best timing and sequence of administering cryotherapy and immunotherapies can maximize their synergistic potential. Cancer immunology and therapy represent a groundbreaking frontier in the fight against cancer. The addition of cryotherapy to this armamentarium holds great promise in unleashing the full potential of the immune system against cancer cells. By combining the precise and targeted nature of immunotherapies with the immune-boosting effects of cryotherapy, we may unlock new avenues for achieving durable and personalized cancer treatments, bringing us closer to the ultimate goal of defeating cancer once and for all [5,].

Conclusion

In Cancer Immunology & Therapy, particularly cryotherapy, has emerged as a promising and innovative approach in the battle against cancer. Over the years, significant advancements have been made in understanding the complex interactions between cancer cells and the immune system, leading to the development of immunotherapies that harness the body's own defense mechanisms to combat cancer. One of the most notable breakthroughs in cancer immunotherapy is the development of immune checkpoint inhibitors, which have shown remarkable success in treating various types of cancer. These drugs work by blocking certain proteins that inhibit the immune system, thus allowing immune cells to recognize and attack cancer cells more effectively. The advent of checkpoint inhibitors has revolutionized cancer treatment and led to durable responses and even complete remissions in some patients.

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