Journal of Plant Biotechnology and Microbiology

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Mini Review - Journal of Plant Biotechnology and Microbiology (2023) Volume 6, Issue 1

Revolutionizing Agriculture: The Advancements in Plant Breeding Techniques

John Smith*

Department of Plant sciences and Technology, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States

*Corresponding Author:
John Smith
Department of Plant sciences and Technology
The University of Utah, Salt Lake City
UT 84112, United States
E-mail: johnsmith.js@utah.edu

Received: 24-Jan-2023, Manuscript No. AAPBM-23-88046; Editor assigned: 25-Jan-2023, PreQC No.AAPBM-23-88046(PQ); Reviewed: 10-Feb-2023, QC No.AAPBM-23-88046; Revised: 13-Feb-2023, Manuscript No. AAPBM-23-88046(R); Published: 23-Feb-2023, DOI: 10.35841/aapbm-6.1.131

Citation: Smith J. Revolutionizing agriculture: the advancements in plant breeding techniques. J Plant Bio Technol. 2023;6(1):131

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Abstract

Cereals are the most source of human nourishment on our planet. The ever-increasing nourishment request, ceaselessly changing environment, and maladies of cereal crops have made satisfactory generation a challenging assignment for nourishing the ever-increasing populace. Plant breeders are striving their hardest to extend generation by controlling routine breeding strategies based on the science of plants, either self-pollinating or cross-pollinating. Be that as it may, conventional approaches take a decade, space, and inputs in arrange to form crosses and discharge made strides assortments. Later progressions in genome altering instruments (GETs) have expanded the plausibility of exact and fast genome altering. Modern GETs such as CRISPR/Cas9, CRISPR/Cpf1, prime altering, base altering, dCas9 epigenetic adjustment, and a few other transgene-free genome altering approaches are accessible to fill the lacuna of determination cycles and constrained hereditary differing qualities.

Keywords

Molecular breeding, plant breeding, cross-pollinating, genome editing.

Introduction

Agriculture is a constantly evolving field, and plant breeding is at the forefront of these advancements. With the help of modern technology, plant breeders are able to develop new varieties of crops that are more resistant to disease, can withstand harsh weather conditions, and have higher yields. This is revolutionizing the way we grow and produce food, making it more sustainable and efficient. One of the most significant advancements in plant breeding is the use of genetic engineering. This technology allows breeders to manipulate the DNA of plants to create specific traits, such as resistance to pests or tolerance to drought. Genetic engineering also allows for the creation of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), which have been controversial in some circles but have also been proven to increase crop yields and reduce the use of pesticides [1].

Another advancement in plant breeding is the use of markerassisted selection. This technique uses genetic markers to identify plants with desirable traits, such as disease resistance or high yield. This allows breeders to more efficiently select plants for breeding, reducing the time and resources required to develop new varieties. In addition, the integration of precision agriculture tools, such as drones, sensors and big data analytics, are allowing farmers to make more informed decisions about planting, fertilizing, and harvesting. This is resulting in more efficient use of resources and higher yields. In the future, these advancements in plant breeding will continue to play a vital role in feeding the growing population. With the help of technology, breeders will be able to develop new varieties of crops that can withstand changing climate conditions, and provide more sustainable food options for people all over the world [2,3].

Development of Genomic Technologies and Role in Plant Breeding

The development of NGS innovation has opened other ways to translate the genome complexity for the enhancement of crops. Moreover, genome-wide atomic devices (a few atomic markers, high-density hereditary maps, genotyping methodologies, etc.) have moreover played their role in selecting the most excellent candidate lines and moving forward plants’ genomes [4]. Later genomic advancements have quickened the breeding strategies by adjusting the determination strategies that are dependable for screening a huge sum of information with more accuracy and productive breeding (marker-assisted determination, affiliation mapping, breeding by plan, genomic choice, quality pyramiding, etc.). NGS is 1000 times cheaper than Sanger sequencing, which creates an endless cluster of genomic data. Besides, after the completion of the human genome project and rice genome sequencing, the costs of NGS declined and have proceeded to decay. NGS stages have accomplished marvelous accomplishments completely different plant science areas such as plant breeding, agri-genomics, and utilitarian genomics. In spite of the potential uses of NGS in agribusiness, it still needs to pass through a few challenges such as the era of brief grouping peruses (35–700), which are not considered effective within the case of the complex, huge, and monotonous genome, and the location of rate transformation in a plant’s genome. In any case, to overcome the bottlenecks such as NGS inefficacy and transformation location, Stahlberg et al. and Monson- Miller illustrated the utilize of Multiplexed, PCR-based bar-coding of DNA for particular change location utilizing sequencing (SiMSen-Seq) and Confinement Protein Grouping Comparative Examination (RESCAN). The advancements in NGS have conclusively given us with genome groupings of a few crops that will encourage the more effective and exact utilize of GETs [5].

Conclusion

In conclusion, the advancements in plant breeding techniques are revolutionizing agriculture and making it more sustainable, efficient, and productive. These tools will be key in feeding the world's growing population and adapting to changing climate conditions.

References

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