Editorial - Journal of Food Science and Nutrition (2021) Volume 4, Issue 1

Nutritional needs of the child with neurological complications.

Ishaya Piwuna^*

Redeemer's University, Osun, Nigeria

Corresponding Author:

Ishaya Piwuna
Redeemer's University
Nigeria
E-mail: ishaypiw@run.ng

Accepted date: January 20, 2021

Citation: Piwuna I. Nutritional needs of the child with neurological complications. J Food Sci Nutr. 2021;4(1):4.

Introduction

P Up to 90% of children with developmental delays has some degree of feeding disorder as a result of neurological or neuromuscular impairment, physical anomalies, or sensory and behavioural food aversions. Children with neurological impairment frequently have gastrointestinal (GI) disorders such as gastro oesophageal reflux disease, dysphagia, or dysmotility, conditions that can interfere with adequate oral food intake. For children who cannot eat sufficient food safely and in a reasonable amount of time, enteral tube feedings are usually used. Children with neurodevelopmental disorders differ in their physical capabilities, activity levels, and caloric needs. Individual enteral diets must reflect these differences, providing adequate amounts of protein without excess calories in order to prevent muscle wasting or becoming overweight [1]. Other health conditions such as constipation and micronutrient deficiencies are also common in these children and may require added nutrients or modification of the enteral formula.

Description

Neurologically impaired (NI) kids are in the risk of deficiency disease because of many biological process and non-nutritional factors. Among the biological process factors, depleted dietary intake as a consequence of feeding difficulties is one among the most problems [2]. Feeding issues area unit secondary to cavity upset that typically correlates with the severity of motor impairment and presents in around ninetieth of educational institution kids with encephalopathy (CP) throughout the primary year of life. Alternative biological process factors area unit depicted by excessive nutrient losses, typically succeeding reflux and altered energy metabolism. Among the non- nutritional factors, the sort and severity of medicine impairment, ambulant standing, the degree of psychological feature impairment, and use of entiepileptic medication altogether concur to determination of biological process standing [3].

Dysphagia

Dysphagia happens as results of impairment of one of the phases concerned within the swallowing process: oral, tubular cavity or passage phases [4]. The foregut, from mouth to small intestine, is that the a part of alimentary tract most severely affected in youngsters with cerebral palsy, owing to its nice density of inessential innervations, that square measure broken by the initial injury to the central system. disorder is common in youngsters World Health Organization acquire brain harm in early in life, as an example in children with cerebral palsy, however might also occur in youngsters with brain injury.

No heritable later in life, in childrens with genetic disorders as well as Down’s and Rett syndrome or in youngsters with medical specialty degeneration like hereditary disease by the initial injury to the central system. disorder is common in youngsters World Health Organization acquire brain harm in early in life, as an example in children with cerebral palsy, however might also occur in youngsters with brain injury nonheritable later in life, in childrens with genetic disorders as well as Down’s and Rett syndrome or in youngsters with medical specialty degeneration like hereditary disease [5].

Conclusion

The biological process facet being still a tangle within the care of kids with severe efferent incapacity. These issues are typically not adequately investigated, and have become severe enough to have an effect on kid health. Hence the requirement to incorporate the study and care of biological process issues within the general assessment of kids with severe efferent incapacity, so as to set up acceptable personalized biological process intervention to stop serious complication of deficiency disease.

References

1. Quitadamo P, Thapar N, Staiano A. Gastrointestinal and nutritional problems in neurologically impaired children. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 20. 2016;20(6):810- 815.
2. Marchand V, Motil KJ. Nutrition support for neurologically impaired children: A clinical report of the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition. JPGN. 2006;43(1):123-135.
3. Lopes P.A.C, Amancio O.M.S, Araùjo R.F.C, et al. Food pattern and nutritional status of children with cerebral palsy. Rev Paul Pediatr. 2013;31(3):344-349.
4. Patrick J, Boland M, Stoski D, et al. Rapid correction of wasting in children with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 1986;734-739.
5. Neumann CG. Biochemical evidence of thiamin defi ciency in young Ghanaian children. Am J Clin Nutr. 1979;32(1):99-104.