Editorial - Journal of Chemical Technology and Applications (2017) Volume 1, Issue 1

Investigation of Payne effect in heat protective materials containing microspheres modified by element organic modifiers.

*Corresponding Author:

Kochetkov VG
Volzhsky Polytechnical Institute (Branch) VSTU 42a Engelsa Street Volzhsky, 404121 Russia
Tel: 8443-25-25-92
E-mail: Geminy-I@Mail.Ru; Www.Volpi.Ru

Accepted date: August 16, 2017

Citation: Kablov VF, Novopoltseva OM, Keybal NA, et al. Investigation of Payne effect in heat protective materials containing microspheres modified by element organic modifiers. J Chem Tech App. 2017;1(1):1-4.

Abstract

The paper considers the impact of the introduction of alumino silicate microspheres on value of the effect Payne and physico-mechanical properties of the elastomer compositions used in the thermal protective materials. It has been shown that the use of pre-modified microspheres can increase the degree of interaction between the rubber-filler. It is found that increasing the filler-filler interaction contributes to the formation of additional spatial crosslinks exerting a reinforcing effect in the coke layer under conditions ablation erosion and breaking of the material the high velocity gas stream.

Keywords

Elastomers, Rubber fillers, Modifiers, Payne effect, Microspheres.

Introduction

Processes of filler-filler and elastomer-filler interactions are an important characteristic for the elastomer compositions working in dynamic conditions. Typically, filler-filler interactions or the formation of spatial grid is estimated by volume of Payne effect, i.e., reduction dynamic elastic modulus at low strain and increasing dynamic elastic modulus at high deformation. The value of Payne effect correlates with the dispersion degree of the active filler agglomerates and the quantity of maximum deformation per cycle – with material viscosity at the beginning of loading, and thereby a peak load (e.g., at the time of loading rollers) [1,2].

When creating a fire and thermal protection materials increase the interaction of the filler-filler is not uniquely negative. At an acceptable reduction of physical and mechanical properties increase interaction filler-filler promotes the formation of additional spatial crosslinks exerting a reinforcing effect in the coke layer under conditions ablation erosion and breaking of the material the high velocity gas stream [3,4].

There were investigated the influence the introduction of alumino-silicate microspheres (MFS) on Payne effect in rubber based on ethylene-propylene caoutchouc containing 30 parts by weight filler (BS-120) and sulfuric curatives. The impact of the microspheres content on physical and mechanical characteristics of the elastomer composition and the Paine effect are presented in Table 1.

Table 1: The impact of the microspheres content on Paine effect, rheological and physico-mechanical characteristics of the elastomer composition.

It follows from the above data, the increased content of MSF leads to increase Payne effect by 20-30 %, which indicates an increase in the filler-filler interactions in the rubber matrix. The constant value of the elastic component of the shear modulus for large deformation, demonstrates consistency in the contribution of the hydrodynamic effect module, polymer-filler interaction and "structure inside the rubber" [5].

The data in Table 1 show that the introduction of MSF allows increase conditional tensile strength by 20% to 40%.

The surface of the microspheres covered with netting hydroxyl ions that are responsible for expression of the adsorption properties of alumino-silicates while flows surfactant chemical interaction [6]. The authors, i.e., Poluektova, Coll, Hajiyev and Ozherelev [7-10], taking into account the possible coordination bond of aluminum atom in the aluminum silicate, the active center is considered the aluminum atom with a coordination number 3. At interaction of macromolecules, forming carbocation with alumino-silicate, coordination number of aluminum atom becomes 4 according to the scheme (Figure 1) [11].

Figure 1: The proposed scheme of interaction between the MFS and elastomer matrix.

Thus, an increase in tensile strength conditional upon administration 1 pbw microspheres may be associated to form additional adsorption bonds. About the flow of such processes may indicate a reduction in the degree of swelling of the samples.

However, upon further increase microsphere content conventional tensile strength is decreased that is apparently due to a decrease of rubber homogeneity.

To improve the distribution of the microspheres and increase the degree of interaction between MSF and the polymer matrix was carried out pre-treatment of MSF phosphorus boron nitrogen containing oligomer (PEDA) (Figure 2). This makes possible forming on a MSF surface protective film, and improves the heat-shielding characteristics of the entire composition because PEDA is flame retardant. [4]. Modifier content is 3 parts by weight, which is optimal, as with a further increase it is a significant decline in physical and mechanical properties, and at lower doses are not provided with heat-shielding characteristics (Figure 2).

Figure 2: The structural formula is used element organic modifier PEDA.

Further introduction of the elastomer composition organoelement modifier (modifier structural formula is shown in Figure 3) a decrease in Payne effect and increase interaction between the rubber-filler.

Figure 3: The dependence of the elastic component of the shear modulus (ΔG') of the strain amplitude.

Table 2 shows the impact of PEDA on Payne effect, physical and mechanical properties of elastomer compositions, containing microspheres.

Table 2: Percentage change in impervious surface area.

Increased interaction between the rubber filler depends on the mode of administration PEDA. The greatest effect has no the additive introduction, and pre-treatment of the surface of the MSF by solution PEDA or microwave treatment of a MSF and FEDA mixture (Figure 3).

Also at the microwave treatment is observed increase in the elastic component of the shear modulus at high strain amplitudes, which may be explained by the increase in the contribution to the hydrodynamic effect module, polymer-filler interaction and "structure inside the rubber" with the addition of a modifier.

This change in properties might be associated with flowing surfactant-chemical interaction between PEDA and MSF (Figure 4).

Figure 4: The proposed scheme of interaction between the MFS and PEDA.

When using soft temperature exposure, there may be coordination bonds, hydrogen-aluminum, and the formation of compounds like quaternary ammonium salts.

Thus, it was found that the introduction of the microspheres in the elastomer compositions leads to increase filler-filler interactions in the rubber matrix. The constant value of the elastic component of the shear modulus for large deformation, demonstrates consistency in the contribution of the hydrodynamic effect module, polymer-filler interaction and "structure inside the rubber." Further introduction organo-element modifier a decrease Payne effect and increase interaction between the rubber-filler. Consequently, when selecting the optimal ratio of rubber-microsphere-FEDA possible the formation of additional cross-linked structures within the elastomeric matrix, exerting a reinforcing effect in the coke layer under conditions ablation erosion and breaking of the material the high velocity gas stream.

The work was supported by the initiative of the project № 10.6942.2017/CU "Development of polymer composite materials with improved fire, heat-shielding properties" performed within the base of the state task on 2017-2019 years.

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