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Review Article - Integrative Neuroscience Research (2023) Volume 6, Issue 2
Exploring the neural mechanisms of decision making: Insights from neuroscience research.
Jonathan Aadhavi*
Department of Neuroscience
- *Corresponding Author:
- Jonathan Aadhavi
Department of Neuroscience
Peking University, Beijing
China
E-mail:jona@adhavi.cn
Received:30-Mar-2023,Manuscript No. AAINR-23-94453; Editor assigned: 02-Apr-2023, PreQC No. AAINR-23-94453(PQ); Reviewed:17-Apr-2023, QC No. AAINR-23-94453; Revised:22-Apr-2023, Manuscript No. AAINR-23-94453(R); Published:28-Apr-2023, DOI: 10.35841/aainr-6.2.141
Citation: Aadhavi J. Exploring the neural mechanisms of decision making: insights from neuroscience research. Integr Neuro Res. 2023;6(2):141
Abstract
Neuroscience is a field of study that aims to understand the structure, function, and development of the nervous system. It encompasses a wide range of topics, from the molecular and cellular level to complex behaviours and cognitive processes. In the year 2021, the field of neuroscience has seen significant advances in several areas, including neurodegenerative diseases, neuroimaging techniques, and cognitive neuroscience.
Abstract
Neuroscience is a field of study that aims to understand the structure, function, and development of the nervous system. It encompasses a wide range of topics, from the molecular and cellular level to complex behaviours and cognitive processes. In the year 2021, the field of neuroscience has seen significant advances in several areas, including neurodegenerative diseases, neuroimaging techniques, and cognitive neuroscience.
Keywords
Neuroscience, Neuroimaging techniques, Cognitive neuroscience, Social cognition.
Introduction
One of the most significant areas of neuroscience research in recent years has been the study of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. These diseases are characterized by the loss of neurons and their connections in specific regions of the brain, leading to cognitive and motor impairments. In 2021, research in this area has focused on identifying the underlying mechanisms of these diseases, developing new treatments, and improving diagnostic tools.[1].
One of the key findings in this area of research has been the identification of genetic risk factors for neurodegenerative diseases. For example, in 2021, several studies identified mutations in the gene TREM2 that increase the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. These findings could lead to the development of new therapies that target these genetic factors and prevent or delay the onset of these diseases. Another area of neuroscience research that has seen significant advances in recent years is neuroimaging. Neuroimaging techniques such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Positron Emission Tomography (PET), and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) allow researchers to visualize the structure and function of the brain in vivo.[2].
In 2021, research in this area has focused on developing new techniques that improve the spatial and temporal resolution of neuroimaging and allow for the study of complex brain networks. Cognitive neuroscience is another area of neuroscience research that has seen significant advances in recent years. Cognitive neuroscience aims to understand the neural basis of cognitive processes such as perception, attention, and memory. In 2021, research in this area has focused on understanding the neural mechanisms of decision-making and social cognition. Neuroscience research is the study of the nervous system, including its structure, function, and development, using a variety of experimental techniques and approaches.[3].
The mechanism of neuroscience research typically involves several steps, which can include:
Developing a hypothesis
A hypothesis is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon, based on prior knowledge or observations. In neuroscience research, a hypothesis may be generated based on a particular question or area of interest, and it should be testable through experimentation.
Designing experiments
Once a hypothesis is developed, scientists design experiments to test the hypothesis. The design of the experiment may involve selecting appropriate animal models or cell cultures, choosing the appropriate experimental techniques, and identifying the appropriate controls.
Conducting experiments
In neuroscience research, experiments may involve recording electrical activity in the brain or peripheral nerves, using imaging techniques to visualize brain structure and function, or manipulating the activity of specific neurons or brain regions. These experiments are typically conducted in a laboratory setting using specialized equipment and techniques.[4].
Analyzing data
Once the experiments are conducted, scientists analyse the resulting data to test their hypothesis. This may involve using statistical methods to determine if there are significant differences between groups or conditions.
Drawing conclusions
Based on the results of the experiments and the analysis of the data, scientists draw conclusions about the hypothesis. This may involve revising the hypothesis based on the results or developing new hypotheses based on the findings.
Sharing results
Finally, the results of the experiments and the conclusions drawn from them are shared with the scientific community through scientific publications, conferences, and other forms of communication. This allows other researchers to build on the work and contribute to further advances in the field.[5].
Conclusion
Neuroscience research in 2021 has made significant advances in several areas, including neurodegenerative diseases, neuroimaging techniques, and cognitive neuroscience. These advances have led to a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of neurological disorders, the development of new therapies, and the improvement of diagnostic tools. As the field of neuroscience continues to grow, we can expect to see even more exciting discoveries in the years to come.
References
- Kandel ER, Schwartz JH, Jessell TM, et al. Principles of neural science.New York: McGraw-hill. 2000.
- Hay DB, Williams D, Stahl D, et al.Using drawings of the brain cell to exhibit expertise in neuroscience: exploring the boundaries of experimental culture.Sci Educ. 2013; 97(3):468-91.
- Schilling KG, Nath V, Hansen C, et al.Limits to anatomical accuracy of diffusion tractography using modern approaches.Neuroimage. 2019; 185:1-1.
- Marta V.Cognitive Neuroscience: The biology of the mind (International student edition). J Behav Addict. 2016; 5(1):151-3.
- Silva SM, Andrade JP.Neuroanatomy: The added value of the Klingler method.Ann Anat ANN ANAT 2016; 208:187-93.
Indexed at, Google Scholar,Cross Ref
Indexed at, Google Scholar,Cross Ref