International Journal of Pure and Applied Zoology

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Perspective - International Journal of Pure and Applied Zoology (2025) Volume 13, Issue 2

Ethnozoology: The Intersection of Culture and Animal Knowledge

Ambe Stevenson*

Department of Environmental Education University of Calabar, Nigeria

*Corresponding Author:
Ambe Stevenson
Department of Environmental Education University of Calabar, Nigeria
E-mail: stambe@uq.edu.au

Received: : 03-Mar-2025, Manuscript No. IJPAZ- 25-162484; Editor assigned: 05-Mar-2025, PreQC No. IJPAZ- 25-162484 (PQ); Reviewed: 11-Mar-2025, QC No. IJPAZ- 25-162484; Revised:25-Mar-2025, Manuscript No. IJPAZ- 25-162484 (R); Published: 31-Mar-2025, DOI:10.35841/10.35841/ ijpaz-13.2.284

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Abstract

  

Introduction

Ethnozoology is the study of the relationship between human cultures and animals, exploring how different societies utilize, perceive, and interact with the animal world. It is a subfield of ethnobiology that focuses on understanding the traditional knowledge and cultural significance of animals in various societies. [

This interdisciplinary field draws from anthropology, zoology, and ecology, seeking to uncover how humans have historically and contemporarily incorporated animals into their social, economic, spiritual, and medicinal practices. Throughout human history, animals have played a vital role in shaping cultural practices, from providing food and materials to influencing religious beliefs and traditional medicine. In many indigenous cultures, detailed knowledge of animal behaviour, anatomy, and habitat has been passed down through generations. Ethno zoologists aim to document, preserve, and interpret this valuable knowledge, which often offers unique insights into the relationships between humans and their natural environments.[

One of the primary focuses of ethnozoology is the study of traditional ecological knowledge—how local communities understand and manage their natural resources. This includes the recognition of different animal species, their roles within ecosystems, and the methods of hunting, fishing, or domesticating animals. TEK often reflects a deep understanding of the interdependence between humans and animals, contributing to sustainable practices that have been honed over centuries. [3].

Animals often hold symbolic or spiritual significance in many cultures. They may be regarded as totems, deities, or creatures with special powers. Ethno zoologists study how different societies attribute certain qualities to animals and how these beliefs influence social structures, rituals, and customs. For instance, many Native American tribes view certain animals, like the eagle or the wolf, as symbols of strength, courage, or wisdom, and these animals often feature prominently in mythology and ceremonial practices [4].

Across the world, animals have been used in traditional medicine. Ethno zoologists investigate how different cultures utilize various animal products—such as bones, skins, venom, or organs—believing them to have healing properties.[5].

This knowledge is often passed down through oral traditions and remains a critical part of indigenous health systems. The study of these practices can provide valuable insights into biodiversity and may even reveal potential pharmaceutical applications. [6].

Ethnozoology also plays a significant role in conservation. Many indigenous communities have long understood the importance of conserving animal populations and maintaining ecological balance [7].

Their traditional practices, which often include rules on hunting seasons, hunting techniques, and the protection of endangered species, offer lessons for modern conservation strategies. Ethno zoologists can work with these communities to ensure that animal knowledge is preserved and used to promote sustainable practices that balance human needs with environmental health. [8].

By studying how traditional societies interact with animal species, ethno zoologists can offer valuable insights into sustainable wildlife management and conservation practices. Indigenous knowledge of animal behaviour and habitats can guide conservation efforts and help protect endangered species. Additionally, it fosters a greater appreciation for the importance of preserving cultural practices that contribute to biodiversity conservation [9].

Many medicinal practices in traditional societies involve the use of animals, and ethnobotanical studies have already revealed the therapeutic potential of plant-based remedies. Ethnozoology similarly has the potential to uncover novel treatments and pharmaceuticals derived from animals. For instance, the venom of certain snakes, frogs, or insects has been studied for its potential to treat diseases like cancer or pain disorders. [10].

conclusion

Ethnozoology is a vital field that highlights the interconnectedness of humans and animals, emphasizing the importance of cultural knowledge in understanding and preserving biodiversity. Through the study of how different cultures perceive, use, and interact with animals, ethno zoologists provide unique insights that benefit both the scientific community and indigenous communities. As we face the growing challenges of environmental degradation and the loss of biodiversity, ethnozoology reminds us of the valuable role traditional knowledge plays in fostering sustainable practices and protecting the natural world.

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