Editorial - Current Trends in Cardiology (2021) Volume 5, Issue 3

Diabetes and cardiovascular disease

Peter Yulia^*

Department of Preventive Cardiology, University of Espirito Santo, Baltimore, USA

Corresponding Author:

Peter Yulia
Department of Preventive Cardiology
University of Espirito Santo
Baltimore, USA
E-mail: pyulia@yahoo.com

Accepted date: May 03, 2021

Citation: Yulia P. Diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Curr Trend Cardiol. 2021;5(3):37

Description

The incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) continues to rise and has quickly become one among the foremost prevalent and chronic diseases worldwide. A close link exists between DM and disorder (CVD), which is that the most prevalent explanation for morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. Cardiovascular (CV) risk factors like obesity, hypertension and dyslipidemia are common in patients with DM, placing them at increased risk for cardiac events. In addition, many studies have found biological mechanisms associated with DM that independently increases the risk of CVD in diabetic patients. Therefore, targeting CV risk factors in patients with DM is critical to attenuate the long-term CV complications of the disease. When you have diabetes, you're more in danger of heart condition. This is also called disorder (CVD) or coronary disease, and may cause heart attacks and strokes. Cardiovascular disease affects your circulation too. And poor circulation makes other diabetes complications worse like problems together with your eyes and feet. That’s why it’s even more important to require excellent care of your heart once you have diabetes. We’re here to explain why diabetes increases your risk of heart problems, and how you can reduce this risk. The diabetes mellitus prevalence is still advancing and increasingly becoming one of the globally severe and expensive chronic illnesses. The strong correlation between diabetes also because the most prominent reason for diabetes and death in diabetic patients is cardiovascular disorders. Health conditions like dyslipidaemia, hypertension, obesity, and other factors of risk like the risk of cardiovascular are frequent in diabetic persons and raise the likelihood of heart attacks.

The incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing substantially worldwide. Over the past three decades, the worldwide burden of DM has swelled from 30 million in 1985 to 382 million in 2014, with current trends indicating that these rates will only continue to rise. The latest estimates by the international diabetes federation project that 592 million (1 in 10 persons) worldwide will have DM by 2035. While the rates of both type 1 DM (T1DM) and T2DM are growing, T2DM has a disproportionately greater contribution to the rising prevalence of DM globally compared to T1DM. One consequence of the growing rates of DM may be a considerable economic burden both for the patient and therefore the healthcare system. In the United States, the total cost of DM averages $2108/patient per year, which is nearly twice that of non-diabetic patients. The economic burden related to DM is substantial both in terms of the direct costs of medical aid also as indirect costs of diminished productivity tied to diabetes related morbidity and mortality. The direct costs of DM are primarily attributed to both macrovascular and microvascular complications like arteria coronary disease, myocardial infarct, hypertension, peripheral vascular disease, retinopathy, endstage renal disease and neuropathy. A close link exists between DM and disorder (CVD). CVD is that the most prevalent explanation for mortality and morbidity in diabetic populations. CVD death rates in the United States are 1.7 times higher among adults (>18 years) with DM than those without the diagnosed DM, largely due to an increased risk of stroke and myocardial infarction (MI). This increased risk of CVD mortality in diabetic patients is found in both men and ladies. The relative risk for CVD morbidity and mortality in adults with diabetes ranges from 1 to three in men and from 2 to five in women compared to those without DM. Proper control and treatment of DM is critical as both the prevalence and economic burden of the disease still mount. As CVD is that the most prevalent explanation for mortality and morbidity in patients with DM, a primary goal of diabetes treatment should be to enhance the cardiovascular (CV) risk of diabetic patients. However, one challenge associated with treating DM and reducing CV events is the complex and multifaceted nature of the relationship linking DM to CVD. CV risk factors including obesity, hypertension and dyslipidaemia are common in patients with DM, particularly those with T2DM. In addition, studies have reported that several factors including increased oxidative stress, increased coagulability, endothelial dysfunction and autonomic neuropathy are often present in patients with DM and should directly contribute to the development of CVD. Collectively, the high rates of CV risk factors and direct biological effects of diabetes on the CV system place diabetic patients at increased risk of developing CVD, and contribute to the increased prevalence of MI, revascularization, stroke and CHF. Due to the complexity and various mechanisms linking DM to CVD, it's crucial to focus treatment to what is going to have the best clinical impact on improving CV outcomes.