Commentary - Archives of General Internal Medicine (2021) Volume 5, Issue 4

Defense mechanisms of lungs and respiratory system

Sarah David Shah*

Department of Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, United States

Corresponding Author:

Sarah David Shah
Department of Surgery Rush University Medical Center Chicago United States
E-mail: David_sa_@shah.edu

Accepted date: May 28, 2021

Citation: Shah SD. Defense mechanisms of lungs and respiratory system. Arch Gen Intern Med 2021;5(4):5-5.

Description

Each cell in your body needs oxygen to live. The air we inhale contains oxygen and different gases. Once in the lungs, oxygen is moved into the circulation system and brought through your body. At every phone in your body, oxygen is traded for a waste gas called carbon dioxide. Your circulatory system at that point conveys this waste gas back to the lungs where it is taken out from the circulation system and afterward breathed out. Your lungs and respiratory framework naturally play out this imperative interaction, called gas trade.

The lungs and respiratory framework permit us to relax. They bring oxygen into our bodies (called motivation, or inward breath) and send carbon dioxide out (called termination, or exhalation).

This trade of oxygen and carbon dioxide is called breath The respiratory framework incorporates the nose, mouth, throat, voice box, windpipe, and lungs.

Air enters the respiratory framework through the nose or the mouth. In the event that it goes in the nostrils (likewise called nares), the air is warmed and humidified. Minuscule hairs called cilia (articulated: SIL-ee-uh) ensure the nasal ways and different pieces of the respiratory parcel, sifting through dust and different particles that enter the nose through the inhaled air.

The two openings of the aviation route (the nasal hole and the mouth) meet at the pharynx (articulated: FAR-inks), or throat, at the rear of the nose and mouth. The pharynx is essential for the stomach related framework just as the respiratory framework since it conveys both food and air.

At the lower part of the pharynx, this pathway partitions in two, one for food the throat (articulated: ih-SAH-fuh-gus), which prompts the stomach and the other for air. The epiglottis (articulated: eh-pih-GLAH-tus), a little fold of tissue, covers the air-just entry when we swallow, holding food and fluid back from going into the lungs.

The larynx, or voice box, is the top piece of the air-just line. This short cylinder contains a couple of vocal ropes, which vibrate to make sounds.

The windpipe, or windpipe, is the continuation of the aviation route underneath the larynx. The dividers of the windpipe (articulated: TRAY-kee-uh) are fortified by solid rings of ligament to keep it open. The windpipe is additionally fixed with cilia, which clear liquids and unfamiliar particles out of the aviation route so they avoid the lungs.

At its base end, the windpipe separates into left and right air tubes called bronchi (articulated: BRAHN-kye), which interface with the lungs. Inside the lungs, the bronchi branch into more modest bronchi and surprisingly more modest cylinders called bronchiolesarticulated: BRAHN-kee-olz). Bronchioles end in small air sacs called alveoli, where the trading of oxygen and carbon dioxide really happens. Every individual has countless alveoli in their lungs. This organization of alveoli, bronchioles, and bronchi is known as the bronchial tree.

The lungs likewise contain flexible tissues that permit them to expand and collapse without losing shape. They're covered by a slim coating called the pleura (articulated: PLUR-uh).

The chest hole, or chest (articulated: THOR-aks), is the water/air proof box that houses the bronchial tree, lungs, heart, and different constructions. The top and sides of the chest are shaped by the ribs and connected muscles, and the base is shaped by an enormous muscle called the stomach (articulated: DYE-uh-fram). The chest dividers structure a defensive pen around the lungs and different substance of the chest depression