Journal of Psychology and Cognition

All submissions of the EM system will be redirected to Online Manuscript Submission System. Authors are requested to submit articles directly to Online Manuscript Submission System of respective journal.
Reach Us +441518081136

Mini Review - Journal of Psychology and Cognition (2024) Volume 9, Issue 2

Cultural influences on social behavior: a cross-cultural perspective

Andreason Roal *

Department of Information and Media Studies, University of Bergen. Norway.

*Corresponding Author:
Andreason Roal
Department of Information and Media Studies, University of Bergen, Norway
E-mail: andesn.roal@uib.no

Received: 29-Feb-2024, Manuscript No. AAJPC-24-137017; Editor assigned: 01- Mar -2024, PreQC No. AAJPC-24-137017 (PQ); Reviewed:15- Mar-2024, QC No. AAJPC-24-137017; Revised:19- Mar -2024, Manuscript No. AAJPC-24-137017 (R); Published:25- Mar -2024, DOI:10.35841/aara- aaphpp-8.2.222

Citation: Roal A. Cultural influences on social behavior: a cross-cultural perspective.J Psychol Cognition. 2024;9(2):222

Visit for more related articles at Journal of Psychology and Cognition

Introduction

Social behavior, the intricate web of interactions and norms that govern human conduct, varies significantly across cultures. The way individuals communicate, express emotions, and form relationships is deeply rooted in the cultural context they belong to. Understanding these cultural influences is vital for appreciating the rich diversity of human societies and for promoting effective intercultural communication [1].

This article explores the impact of culture on social behavior from a cross-cultural perspective, highlighting key insights and implications.Culture shapes social behavior through various dimensions such as individualism versus collectivism, power distance, uncertainty avoidance, and masculinity versus femininity. These dimensions, as proposed by scholars like Geert Hofstede, provide frameworks to understand how societies differ in their values and behavioral norms [2].

In individualistic cultures like the United States, emphasis is placed on personal achievement and independence. This translates into behaviors such as prioritizing individual goals over group interests and valuing direct communication. In contrast, collectivist cultures such as Japan prioritize harmony within groups and emphasize interdependence. Here, social behavior is often guided by maintaining group cohesion and respecting authority figures [3].

Power distance, another critical dimension, refers to the extent to which less powerful members of a society accept and expect unequal distribution of power. In cultures with high power distance, such as many Asian and Latin American countries, social behavior tends to reflect deference to authority figures and a more formal hierarchical structure. Conversely, in cultures with low power distance like Sweden or Denmark, social behavior is characterized by a flatter social structure and more egalitarian interactions [4].

Communication styles are deeply influenced by cultural norms. High-context cultures like those found in East Asia (e.g., China, Japan, Korea) rely heavily on implicit cues and nonverbal communication. Social behavior in these cultures emphasizes indirect speech and maintaining harmony through non-confrontational interactions. In contrast, low-context cultures such as those in the United States or Germany prioritize explicit communication, with an emphasis on clarity and directness.Gestures, body language, and personal space also vary across cultures, influencing social behavior. For instance, what may be considered an appropriate distance for conversation varies widely—ranging from closer proximity in Latin American countries to more distance in Northern Europe. Similarly, gestures like nodding or handshakes can carry different meanings and significance across cultures, impacting social interactions and relationships [5].

Proscriptive norms specify behaviors that are prohibited or considered inappropriate. These norms discourage certain actions within a group or society. Prescriptive Norms: Conversely, prescriptive norms prescribe specific behaviors that are expected or encouraged in certain situations. The desire to fit in and gain social approval leads individuals to conform to established norms. This conformity can shape behavior even in the absence of explicit rules or regulations [6].

Social norms, the unwritten rules that govern behavior within a society, play a crucial role in shaping social behavior. These norms dictate appropriate conduct in various settings—such as family gatherings, workplace environments, or public spaces—and are deeply rooted in cultural values [7].

For example, gender roles and expectations vary greatly across cultures. In more traditional societies, social behavior is often governed by rigid gender norms, prescribing distinct roles for men and women. Conversely, in more progressive cultures, there's a greater acceptance of gender fluidity and a broader range of social behaviors associated with masculinity and femininity [8].

: While norms are generally stable, they can evolve over time due to changing social, cultural, or economic conditions. Efforts to shift social norms—such as campaigns against smoking or for environmental conservation—can lead to significant behavioral changes at the societal level. Despite their importance, social norms are not immutable. They can be challenged and adapted through deliberate efforts or shifts in societal attitudes. However, changing norms can be complex and may face resistance due to deeply ingrained behavioral patterns [9].

Understanding cultural influences on social behavior is essential for successful intercultural interactions and collaborations. Without this awareness, misunderstandings and miscommunications can arise, leading to friction and inefficiencies.Professionals working in multicultural environments, whether in business, education, or healthcare, benefit from cross-cultural training that enhances their sensitivity to cultural differences in social behavior. This training can foster empathy, adaptability, and effective communication strategies that bridge cultural divides [10].

conclusion

In conclusion, cultural influences profoundly shape social behavior, influencing how individuals interact, communicate, and form relationships. By recognizing and appreciating these cultural differences, we can cultivate a more inclusive and harmonious global society—one that celebrates diversity while fostering mutual understanding and respect across cultures

References

  1. Kane JM, McEvoy JP, Correll CU, et al. Controversies surrounding the use of long-acting injectable antipsychotic medications for the treatment of patients with schizophrenia. CNS drugs. 2021: 35(11):1189-1205.

    2. Indexed at, Google Scholar, Cross Ref

  2. O'Sullivan DL, Byatt N, Dossett EC. Long-acting injectable antipsychotic medications in pregnancy: A review. J Acad Consult Liaison Psychiatry. 2022;63(1):53-60.

    3. Indexed at, Google Scholar, Cross Ref

  3. Lähteenvuo M, Tiihonen J. Antipsychotic polypharmacy for the management of schizophrenia: Evidence and recommendations. Drugs. 2021;81(11):1273-84.

    4. Indexed at, Google Scholar, Cross Ref

  4. Lohr WD, Jawad K, Feygin Y, et al. Antipsychotic medications for low-income preschoolers: Long duration and psychotropic medication polypharmacy. Psychiatr Serv. 2022;73(5):510-7.

    5. Indexed at, Google Scholar, Cross Ref

  5. Xu Y, Amdanee N, Zhang X. Antipsychotic-induced constipation: A review of the pathogenesis, clinical diagnosis, and treatment. CNS drugs. 2021;35(12):1265-74.

    6. Indexed at, Google Scholar, Cross Ref

  6. McHugh RK, Weiss RD. Alcohol use disorder and depressive disorders. Alcohol Res: Curr Rev. 2019;40(1).

    7. Indexed at, Google Scholar, Cross Ref

  7. Witkiewitz K, Litten RZ, Leggio L. Advances in the science and treatment of alcohol use disorder. Sci Adv. 2019;5(9):eaax4043.

    8. Indexed at, Google Scholar, Cross Ref

  8. Archibald L, Brunette MF, Wallin DJ, et al. Alcohol use disorder and schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Alcohol Res: Curr Rev. 2019;40(1).

    9. Indexed at, Google Scholar, Cross Ref

  9. Helle AC, Watts AL, Trull TJ, et al. Alcohol use disorder and antisocial and borderline personality disorders. Alcohol Res: Curr Rev. 2019;40(1).

    10. Indexed at, Google Scholar, Cross Ref

  10. Haber PS, Kortt NC. Alcohol use disorder and the gut. Addiction. 2021;116(3):658-67.

    11. Indexed at, Google Scholar, Cross Ref

Get the App