Journal of Advanced Surgical Research

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Perspective - Journal of Advanced Surgical Research (2023) Volume 7, Issue 4

Complications of laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Ariel Chikaman*

Department of General Surgery, University of Sao Camilo, Brazil

*Corresponding Author:
Ariel Chikaman
Department of General Surgery
University of Sao Camilo, Brazil
E-mail: chikman.ariel@hotmail.com

Received: 03-Jul-2023, Manuscript No. AAASR-23-104866; Editor assigned: 04-Jul-2023, PreQC No. AAASR-23-104866(PQ); Reviewed: 18 -Jul-2023, QC No. AAASR-23-104866; Revised: 22-Jul-2023, Manuscript No. AAASR-23-104866(R); Published: 29-Jul-2023, DOI:10.35841/2591-7765-7.4.154

Citation: Chikaman A. Complications of laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Adv Surge Res. 2023;7(4):154

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Introduction

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has revolutionized the field of gallbladder surgery, offering numerous advantages over traditional open surgery, such as reduced postoperative pain, shorter hospital stays, and faster recovery. However, like any surgical procedure, laparoscopic cholecystectomy is not without its complications. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the complications associated with laparoscopic cholecystectomy, based on a systematic review and meta-analysis of existing literature [1].

The analysis of the included studies revealed various complications associated with laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The most common complications reported were bile duct injuries, bile leaks, bleeding, surgical site infections, and retained common bile duct stones. Bile duct injuries, although rare, were found to have significant consequences and were often associated with increased morbidity and mortality rates. Bile leaks, another common complication, occurred in a small percentage of cases and were usually managed with endoscopic interventions or percutaneous drainage [2].

Surgical site infections were observed in a considerable number of patients, emphasizing the importance of adherence to proper aseptic techniques during the procedure. Postoperative bleeding, though infrequent, required surgical intervention in some cases to control hemorrhage and prevent further complications. Retained common bile duct stones, although uncommon, necessitated additional procedures, such as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), for stone retrieval. Furthermore, the meta-analysis showed that the overall complication rate of laparoscopic cholecystectomy ranged from 3% to 10%, with individual complications varying in frequency. Subgroup analysis revealed that the surgeon's experience and patient characteristics, such as age and comorbidities, played a role in the occurrence of complications [3].

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is generally considered a safe procedure with a low complication rate. However, it is crucial for surgeons and healthcare providers to be aware of the potential complications associated with this technique. Bile duct injuries, although rare, can result in significant morbidity and may require additional surgeries or interventions. Vigilance in identifying and managing bile leaks, bleeding, and surgical site infections is essential to optimize patient outcomes [4].

The prevention of complications requires adherence to standardized surgical techniques, meticulous dissection, and careful identification of anatomical structures. Surgeons should continuously refine their skills through ongoing training and practice to minimize the risk of complications. Furthermore, the importance of proper patient selection, preoperative evaluation, and shared decision-making cannot be overstated in mitigating the risks associated with laparoscopic cholecystectomy [5].

Conclusion

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a widely performed procedure for gallbladder removal, offering numerous advantages over open surgery. However, it is essential to recognize and address the potential complications associated with this technique. Bile duct injuries, bile leaks, bleeding, surgical site infections, and retained common bile duct stones are among the complications that can occur during or after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surgeons should be well-prepared, follow best practices, and exercise caution to minimize these complications and optimize patient outcomes. Further research and advancements in surgical techniques may help reduce the incidence of complications and improve the overall safety profile of laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

References

  1. Duca S, Bala O, Al-Hajjar N, et al. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy: incidents and complications. A retrospective analysis of 9542 consecutive laparoscopic operations. Hpb. 2003;5(3):152-8.

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  4. Teixeira UF, Goldoni MB, Machry MC, et al. Ambulatory laparoscopic cholecystectomy is safe and cost-effective: a Brazilian single center experience.     Arq Gastroenterol. 2016;53:103-7.

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