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Rapid Communication - Case Reports in Surgery and Invasive Procedures (2023) Volume 7, Issue 2
Balloon angioplasty: A minimally invasive procedure for treating blocked arteries
Zhen Zhao *
Department of Interventional Radiology, Hospital of Qingdao University, Shandong, China
- *Corresponding Author:
- Zhen Zhao
Department of Interventional Radiology,
Hospital of Qingdao University,
Shandong, China
E-mail: zhao@zhen.com
Received: 01-Mar-2023, Manuscript No. AACRSIP-23-90433; Editor assigned: 04-Mar-2023, PreQC No. AACRSIP-23-90433(PQ); Reviewed: 18-Mar-2023, QC No. AACRSIP-23-90433; Revised: 22-Mar-2023, Manuscript No. AACRSIP-23-90433 (R); Published: 29-Mar-2023, DOI:10.35841/aacrsip-7.2.140
Citation: Zhao Z. Balloon angioplasty: A minimally invasive procedure for treating blocked arteries. Case Rep Surg Invasive Proced. 2023;7(2):140
Abstract
Balloon angioplasty, also known as percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA), is a medical procedure used to treat blocked or narrowed blood vessels. During this procedure, a small balloon catheter is inserted into the affected artery and guided to the site of blockage or narrowing. Once the balloon is in place, it inflates and pushes plaque and blockages against the artery wall, improving blood flow.
Keywords
Balloon angioplasty, Blood vessels, Catheter, X-ray imaging.
Introduction
Balloon angioplasty is a minimally invasive procedure for treating blocked arteries. This procedure is performed by an experienced interventional cardiologist. A catheter is a thin, flexible tube (catheter) with a balloon at the tip that is inserted into the blocked artery. When the balloon is inflated, it pushes plaque against the artery wall, increasing blood flow to the affected area. A clogged artery can be caused by a build-up of plaque or other material that can lead to serious conditions such as heart attack, stroke, and peripheral arterial disease. Balloon angioplasty treats these conditions. It is one of several procedures used to do so and is often used in combination with other treatments such as stent placement. Balloon angioplasty typically begins by administering a local anesthetic to numb the area around the insertion site. An interventional cardiologist then inserts a small needle into the artery and passes a guidewire through it. Once the guide wire is in place, the catheter is advanced over the wire and into the blocked artery. At this point, the balloon is inflated and the plaque is pressed against the artery wall. The pressure created by the balloon dilates the artery, increasing blood flow through it. Once the balloon is deflated and removed, an interventional cardiologist may decide to insert a stent to keep the artery open [1].
After the procedure is completed, the patient will be monitored for a short period of time to ensure that there are no complications. Most patients can go home on the day of surgery, but some may need to stay overnight for observation. Balloon angioplasty is generally a safe procedure, but it does come with some risks. These include bleeding, infection, and damage to arteries or surrounding tissue. Additionally, this procedure is not effective in all cases, and some patients may require additional therapy or surgery to correct the condition [2].
This is a minimally invasive procedure in which a thin tube called a catheter is inserted through a small incision in the groin or arm. The x-ray image is then used to guide the catheter to the site of obstruction. When the catheter reaches an occlusion, a small balloon at the end of the catheter is inflated, pushing plaque against the artery wall and dilating the vessel, restoring blood flow [3].
Balloon angioplasty is commonly used to treat atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a condition in which fatty deposits called plaque build-up in arteries, narrowing them and reducing blood flow. This can lead to various health problems such as angina pectoris, heart attack, stroke and peripheral artery disease. In addition to inflating balloons, doctors can also use stents, which are small mesh tubes, to keep arteries open. The stent is placed over the balloon, expanded with it, and left in place after the balloon is deflated and removed. It is generally considered a minimally invasive surgery and is often performed on an outpatient basis. However, like any other medical procedure, balloon angioplasty carries risks such as bleeding, infection, and damage to the artery and surrounding tissue. During this procedure, a thin, flexible tube called a catheter is passed through a blood vessel in the groin or arm and guided to the site of the blockage [4].
When the catheter reaches an occlusion, a small balloon at the end of the catheter inflates, pushing plaque against the walls of the artery, widening the vessel and restoring blood flow. The balloon is then deflated and removed, and a small mesh tube called a stent is inserted to keep the artery open [5].
Conclusion
Balloon angioplasty is a common treatment for coronary artery disease, which can cause chest pain (angina), shortness of breath, and heart attack. It is also used to treat peripheral artery disease, which can cause leg pain and cramping. The procedure is typically performed under local anesthesia, and patients usually go home the same day or the following day. Complications are rare but can include bleeding, infection, blood clots, and damage to the artery. Overall, balloon angioplasty is considered a safe and effective treatment for blocked arteries
.
References
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- Suryapranata H, Hoorntje JC, Zijlstra F. Randomized comparison of coronary stenting with balloon angioplasty in selected patients with acute myocardial infarction. Cir. 1998;97(25):2502-5.
- Byrne RA, Stone GW, Ormiston J, et al. Coronary balloon angioplasty, stents, and scaffolds. The Lancet. 2017;390(10096):781-92.
- Raby N, Karani J, Thomas S, et al. Stenoses of vascular anastomoses after hepatic transplantation: treatment with balloon angioplasty. Am J Roentgenol. 1991;157(1):167-71.
- Airaksinen KJ, Huikuri HV. Antiarrhythmic effect of repeated coronary occlusion during balloon angioplasty. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1997;29(5):1035-8.