Commentary - Journal of Nutrition and Human Health (2022) Volume 6, Issue 2
A child-centric prevention of must include improved access to early baby assessment.
Charlotte Ava*
Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
- *Corresponding Author:
- Charlotte Ava
- Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine
- The Royal Women's Hospital
- Parkville
- Victoria 3052
Australia - E-mail:charlotteava@unimelb.edu.au
Received: 03-Feb-2022, Manuscript No. AAJNHH-22-109; Editor assigned: 05-Feb-2022, Pre QC No. AAJNHH-22-109(PQ); Reviewed: 19-Feb-2022, QC No. AAJNHH-22-109; Revised: 22-Feb-2022, Manuscript No. AAJNHH-22-109(R); Published: 26-Feb-2022, DOI:10.35841/aajnhh-6.2.109
Citation: Ava C. A child-centric prevention of must include improved access to early baby assessment. J Nutr Hum Health. 2022;6(2):109
Introduction
The United Nations Development Programme on HIV/AIDS' Global Plan Towards the Elimination of New HIV Infections among Children and Keeping Their Mothers Alive set lofty goals for 2015, including a 98.5 percent drop in infected persons of HIV infection from mother to child and a 50 percent reduction in AIDS-related child deaths. MTCT risk can be as high as 40% in the absence of any intervention, although with proper mother-to-child transmission prevention treatments, such as antiretroviral medication for pregnant women living with HIV, MTCT rates can be lowered to 5% or less [1]. These objectives include ensuring that proper strategies for identifying HIV in new-borns, offspring, and teenagers, as well as keeping mothers and their children in lifelong care and treatment, are in place.
Prenatal baby prognosis is being redefined
HIV-infected newborns have a rapid disease progression; without treatment, 20% of perinatally infected infants will die by 3 months of age, and half will not live until their age two. Poor health outcomes for infected infants who live above the age of two are frequently persistent, with higher malnutrition, opportunistic infections, and lifelong behavioral delays. The transmission of maternal HIV antibodies across the placenta complicates Initial diagnosis in babies, due to higher incidence of wrongful convictions by serological testing. Although some country-specific standards prescribe serological testing from the age of 9,12, or 15, serological testing is reliable in young children after the age of 18 months [2].
Prenatal baby identification programmes face significant hurdles
Virological testing by PCR has advanced in accuracy, selectivity, and ease of application in recent years, but it still necessitates significant investments in specialised laboratory apparatus and extremely qualified workers. Blood was taken by venipuncture and was tested using complicated, multiplatform, manual laboratory equipment housed in centrally located facilities when PCR testing for EID was first available in source of energy nations. Despite the use of DBS and computerized testing methods, Aids newborns' testing coverage remained low [3]. Over 1 million PCR testing for EID were effective integration in 2012, yet only one-third of HIVexposed infants in need were tested. Transporting samples in sample loss and delays in receiving results. A turnover time it takes from taking a sample to sharing the results with the patient – could be several weeks [4].
Administration of commodities
While there are stockouts or delayed access to commodities, access to EID testing is further limited. Collecting a DBS specimen from an HIV-positive newborn necessitates a number of materials, and a single component being out of stock could prevent soil sampling totally. It is not uncommon for health workers to be unable to collect DBS samples due to a lack of gloves or swabs in resource-constrained situations. A advent of 'bundled' EID commodities has enhanced EID testing commodity management by ensuring that all of the elements per one test are packaged together into individual, cost-effective bundles for healthcare professionals and laboratory staff.
Toddlers' fast screening
Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) can be used to confirm HIV exposure among children under the age of 18 months with a sensitivity of about 85%, with particularly excellent correlation for infants under the age of 3 months and 6 months. When compared to conventional virological testing, both oral but also blood RDTs work well that exclude HIV transmission [5].
Conclusion
Organizations aimed at avoiding vertical transmission should commit more resources to child-centered interventions and expand their definition of success to include infants who test negative at the conclusion of the exposure period. Its research suggests that EID is a critical strategy for keeping HIVexposed newborns alive until the end of the exposure period because it allows for early clinical intervention plus obey. It is critical that mother and child safety programmes become more aware of the need of early HIV detection in infants and their nursing skills.
References
- Kenneson A, Cannon MJ. Review and meta-analysis of the epidemiology of congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. Rev Med Virol. 2007;17(4):253-76.
- Dollard SC, Grosse SD, Ross DS. New estimates of the prevalence of neurological and sensory sequelae and mortality associated with congenital cytomegalovirus infection. Rev Med Virol. 2007;17(5):355-63.
- Grosse SD, Ross DS, Dollard SC. Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection as a cause of permanent bilateral hearing loss: a quantitative assessment. J Clin Virol. 2008;41(2):57-62.
- Manicklal S, Emery VC, Lazzarotto T, et al. The silent global burden of congenital cytomegalovirus. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2013;26(1):86-102.
- Korenromp EL, Rowley J, Alonso M, et al. Global burden of maternal and congenital syphilis and associated adverse birth outcomes – estimates for 2016 and progress since 2012. PLoS One. 2019;27;14(2):e0211720.
Indexed at, Google scholar, Crossref
Indexed at, Google scholar, Crossref
Indexed at, Google scholar, Crossref
Indexed at, Google scholar, Crossref