Research Article - Journal of RNA and Genomics (2021) Volume 17, Issue 0

Protective role of antioxidant vitamins on insulin receptor and glucose transporter 4 on expression in adipose tissue of PCB - induced experimental rats.

Introduction: Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) are a group of manmade chemicals. They are oily liquids or solids, clear to yellow in color, with no smell or taste. Studies of PCBs in humans have found increased rates of melanomas, and cancers. The three major antioxidant vitamins are beta-carotene, vitamin C, and vitamin E. The insulin receptor is a trans membrane receptor that is activated by insulin, IGF-I, IGF-II and belongs to the large class of receptor tyrosine kinase. GLUT4 is the insulin-regulated glucose transporter found primarily in adipose tissues and striated muscle. Aim: The objective of this study was to assess the protective role of antioxidant vitamins on the insulin receptor and glut 4 receptor in PCB induced experimental rats. Materials and methods: Adult male albino rats were used in the present study and divided in to 3 groups. Group I: Control; Group II: PCB-induced animals; Group III: PCB-induced animals treated with antioxidant vitamins (Vit C and E) for 30 days. After 30 days of treatment, adipose tissue was dissected out and used for the assessment of mRNA expression of insulin signaling molecules such as insulin receptor and GLUT4. Real Time PCR was carried out on CFX 96 real time system (Bio-Rad). The reaction mix (10 µl) was prepared by adding 5 µl of 2X reaction buffer, 0.1 µl of sense and antisense primer, 1 µl of cDNA and 3.8 µl of sterile water. The thermal cycler protocol was as follows: Initial denaturation at 95°C for 3 min, followed by 40 cycles of PCR, denaturation at 95°C for 10 sec, annealing at 60°C for 20 sec and extension at 72°C for 20 sec. Melt curve analysis was performed using the thermal cycling programmed at 50°C-95°C for each sample to determine the presence of multiple amplicons, non-specific products and contaminants. The results were analysed using CFX 96 real time system software (Bio-Rad). The data were analysed statistically using One Way Analysis of Variance (ONE-WAY ANOVA). Duncan Multiple range test was used to analyze the statistical significance between groups. The levels of significance were considered at the levels of p < 0.05. Results: The expressions of IR, GLUT- 4, were assessed by real time-PCR. Significance at P < 0.05, compared with control, compared with PCB control, compared with PCB vit C and E treated diabetic group. By observing the graphs obtained keeping the number of folds of control as 1, the PCB induced rats showed reduced insulin reception, whereas in PCB induced rats administered with antioxidant vitamins showed considerably increased insulin reception, the same was the case with GLUT 4 reception also. Conclusion: The present findings conclude that the antioxidant vitamins (C and E) attenuate PCB induced insulin resistance in adipose tissues via the activation of the insulin receptor and GLUT4 expression. Hence, antioxidant vitamins may be considered as therapeutic drugs for the management of diabetes.

Author(s): Obuli Ganesh Kishore S, Vishnu Priya V*, Selvaraj J, Gayathri R, Durairaj Sekar

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