Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology

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Research Article - Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology (2024) Volume 8, Issue 6

Exploring the role of homocysteine in eye with glutamate-cysteine ligase, a biochemical and molecular dynamics approach

An increased homocysteine level is considered as a risk factor of vascular eye diseases. To protect the neural retina from oxidative stress by homocysteine is challenging. Glutathione is synthesized from cysteine, a product of methionine via Hcy. In this study, we measured the levels of GSH and the amino acids involved in the methionine-homocysteine cysteine-glutathione axis to understand the effect of Hcy on GSH and also we study the time course variation and stability of the binding patterns of homocysteine in comparison with cysteine by molecular dynamics. Homocysteine forms a stable complex with GCLC protein but fails to induce secondary structural variations, which aid the ligation of glutamic acid. Competitive inhibition of homocysteine is evident from the higher binding energy and the structural similarity of homocysteine with cysteine. We observed that Hcy negatively influences GSH synthesis, γ-Glutamate Cysteine Ligase (γ-GCL) is the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of GSH. It is possible that Hcy is a competitive inhibitor of γ-GCL and its role in GSH synthesis needs to be studied further.

Author(s):

Muthuvel Bharathselvi*, Muthuvel Suresh Kumar*, Amaresh Kumar Mohanty, Konerirajapuram N Sulochanaa1

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